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CC17H SC21H

Pearson GCSE Combined and Separate Chemistry Higher

QuestionAnswer
What gases make up the earths early atmosphere? mainly carbon dioxide and water vapour with little or no oxygen
What is responisble for earths early atmosphere? Volcanoes
What happened to the water vapour in the earths atmosphere The earth cooled down and the water vapour condensed to form liquid water, which formed the oceans
How did the levels of carbon dioxide in the early atmosphere start to deacrease They dissolved into the newly formed oceans
What did sea creatures do with the dissolved carbon dioxide. What effect did this have on the atmosphere Sea creatures used dissolved carbon dioxide to produce shells of calcium carbonate. This meant more carbon dioxide could be dissolved in the oceans from the atmosphere.
How else did some organism reduce the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? They used it in photosynthesis which released oxygen into the atmosphere
What is the test for oxygen take a glowing splint and place into oxygen it will relight
What is the greenhouse effect? When gases in the atmopshere absorb infra-red energy from the earth which causes the atmosphere temperature to increase
What are the 3 most common greenhouse gases? Carbon dioxide, Water and methane
What is global warming? The increase in the earths average temperature likely to be caused by increase in carbon dioxide
What is climate change Changes to the average weather conditions around the world
What evidence is there for global warming? There is a close correlation between levels of carbon dioxide and average global temperature
What are the effects of climate change? Melting of polar ice caps, changing of natural habitats and change of normal weather patterns
How can the effects of climate change be limited? Use less fossil fuels by using renewable energy resources. Capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
How can oxygen be tested for? Relights a glowing splint
What gases made up the Earths initial atmosphere Large amount of carbon dioxide, water vapour, small amounts of other gases
What happened to the water vapour as the earth cooled? Water vapour condensed forming oceans
What affect did the formation of the oceans have on the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? Carbon dioxide dissolves in water so some dissolved and the amount in the atmosphere decreased
How did the growth of primitive plant affect the atmosphere? They used carbon dioxide and released oxygen in photosynthesis
What is the composition of our atmosphere today? Nitrogen about 78%, Oxygen 21%, 1% other gases
Name 3 greenhouse gases Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour
What is the greenhouse effect Greenhouse gases absorb heat radiated from the earth and release it keeping the earth warm
Name 2 effects of global warming Polar ice caps melting, sea levels rising
Where did the gases that fomed our early atmosphere come from? They were produced by volcanic activity.
What gas, in today's atmosphere was missing from our early atmosphere? oxygen
What does correlation mean? There is a link between them. (eg. As one increases so does the other)
When did oxygen begin to be formed in our atmosphere? When the first plants began photosynthesising
What do greenhouse gases do? Trap heat in our atmosphere
Name one man made cause of the greenhouse effect Deforestation
What has happened to the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere in the last 200 years? It has increased
What human activity might have increased the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere? Burning fossil fuels
What human activity, other than burning fossil fuels, might have increased the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere? Respiration (as population increases so does this)
If a sample of the atmosphere is reaccted with copper, what gas will react? Oxygen
If all the oxygen is removed from a sample of the atmosphere how much is removed? 21%
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