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Apologia Chem M 4B
Molecular Structure, part 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The chemical formula RATIO for ionic compounds must always be at the __________________ possible ratio. | LOWEST |
| If the charges for an ionic compound have the SAME numerical value, then the subscript for each ion is ______ and can be ignored. | 1 |
| An ionic compound involving a transition metal identifies which ion is present by putting a ______________ numeral in the name to identify the charge of metal. | Roman |
| The process by which an atom turns into an ion by gaining or losing electrons is called ___________________. | ionization |
| ionization energy | the amount of energy needed to take an electron away from an atom |
| The elements on the LEFT side of the periodic table have a rather __________ ionization energy (they give up their electrons EASILY). | low |
| The atoms on the RIGHT side of the periodic table have __________ ionization energies; they give up their electrons grudgingly. | high |
| A _______________________ property is a characteristic of atoms that varies regularly across the periodic table. | periodic |
| In general, the ionization energy of atoms ______________ from the BOTTOM of the periodic table to the TOP of the periodic table. | increases |
| electronegativity | a measure of how strongly at atom ATTRACTS extra electrons to itself |
| In general, the electronegativity of atoms INCREASES from the ___________ to the RIGHT on the periodic table. | left |
| In general, the electronegativity of atoms INCREASES from the ___________ to the TOP on the periodic table. | bottom |
| atomic radius | the average radius of an atom; an indication of the atom's size |
| In general, the atomic radius increases | from the TOP to the BOTTOM on the periodic table. |
| In general, the atomic radius increases from the | RIGHT to the LEFT on the periodic table. |
| Covalent compounds contain only _________________. | NONmetals |
| Nonmetals always ____________ electrons | gain |
| elements | are composed of individual ATOMS |
| compounds | are composed of individual MOLECULES |
| nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, and hydrogen | homonuclear diatomics - are never found in nature as ONE lonely atom |
| A COVALENT bond is when a _____________ pair of valence electrons holds atoms together in covalent compounds. | shared |
| The atoms in COVALNET compounds ___________ ______________ to form molecules. | SHARE electrons |
| The atoms in IONIC compounds ________ ______ ________ ________________ to form ions. | GIVE and TAKE electrons |
| The atoms in IONIC molecules stay together because | the POSITIVELY charged ions are attracted to the NEGATIVELY charged ions. |
| We put the atom with the _______ ___________ _______________ in the center. | most UNPAIRED electrons |
| To start constructing a Lewis structure, FIRST add up the ________________ __________________ of the individual atoms. | valence electrons |
| When we replaced a shared electron pair with a dash, it indicates that it is a ___________________ bond. | covalent |
Created by:
MrsHough
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