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Apologia Chem M 4A

QuestionAnswer
valence electrons the electrons that exist FARTHEST from an atom's nucleus
octet rule most atoms strive to attain 8 valence electrons
Lewis structure a schematic representation of the valence electrons in an atom or molecule
In ionic compounds, NONmetals try to _______ electrons. gain
In ionic compounds, METALS try to _______ electrons. lose
An atom's chemical behavior is determined mostly by the number of _________________ ___________________ it has. valence electrons
When joining to form a molecule, atoms ____________ get close enough for their nuclei to interact. never
Atoms in the same COLUMN of the periodic table have the SAME number of valence electrons.
Columns of the periodic table are often called groups or families.
The atoms in column 8A of the periodic table, noble gases, are important because they have the _____________ electron configuration. ideal
Atoms in group 1A have 1 valence electron, so they need to DROP one electron.
Atoms in group 2A will LOSE 2 valence electrons to develop a 2+ charge.
Group 3 A (except Boron) will LOSE 3 valence electrons to become 3+ cations.
Group 4A nonmetals will GAIN electrons to become a 4- anion.
Group 4A metals will LOSE electrons.
Group 5A (mostly nonmetals) will GAIN electrons, becoming 3- anions.
6A (mostly nonmetals) will GAIN electrons, becoming 2- anions.
Group 7A will GAIN electrons becoming 1- anions.
Substances like noble gases are called inert substances because they RARELY take part in chemical reactions.
POSITIVELY charge ion cation
NEGATIVELY charged ion anion
POSITIVE cations have the same name as the atom from which they came.
NEGATIVE anions add an -ide suffix to the name of the atom from which they came.
Created by: MrsHough
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