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Apologia Chem M 4A
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The electrons that exist farthest from an atom's nucleus | valence electrons |
most atoms strive to attain 8 valence electrons | octet rule |
a schematic representation of the valence electrons in an atom or molecule | Lewis structure |
In ionic compounds, NONmetals try to _______ electrons. | gain |
In ionic compounds, METALS try to _______ electrons. | lose |
An atom's chemical behavior is determined mostly by | by the number of valence electrons it has. |
When joining to form a molecule, atoms | never get close enough for their nuclei to interact. |
Atoms in the same COLUMN of the periodic table have | the same number of valence electrons. |
Columns of the periodic table are often called | groups or families. |
The atoms in column 8A of the periodic table, noble gases, are important because they | have the ideal electron configuration. |
Atoms in group 1A have 1 valence electron, so they need to | DROP one electron. |
Atoms in group 2A will LOSE 2 valence electrons to develop a | 2+ charge. |
Group 3 A (except Boron) will LOSE 3 valence electrons to become | 3+ cations. |
Group 4A nonmetals will GAIN electrons to become a | 4- anion. |
Group 4A metals will | LOSE electrons. |
Group 5A (mostly nonmetals) will GAIN electrons, becoming | 3- anions. |
6A (mostly nonmetals) will GAIN electrons, becoming | 2- anions. |
Group 7A will GAIN electrons becoming | 1- anions. |
Substances like noble gases are called inert substances because | they rarely take part in chemical reactions. |
a POSITIVELY charge ion | a cation |
a NEGATIVELY charged ion | an anion |
POSITIVE cations | have the same name as the atom from which they came. |
NEGATIVE anions | add an -ide suffix to the name of the atom from which they came. |