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A&P
Biology of the Cell pt 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The synthesis of a new protein from an mRNA transcript is called | Translation |
| Chromatin is composed of | proteins and DNA |
| The two phases of the cell cycle are | Interphase and the mitotic phase |
| Required for translation | mRNA Amino acids ribosomes tRNA |
| Sodium ions enter the cell through sodium ____ channels as they move down the concentration gradiant | leak |
| A _____ is made as a product of translation | protein |
| _____ are complex, organized structures inside cells. They have unique characteristics and shapes | organelles |
| _____ cells include all the cells of the body except sex cells. | somatic |
| The bulk of the plasma membrane consists of a ______ | phospholipid bilayer |
| The process in which a mRNA copy of a gene is read by rhibosomes in the cytoplasm to produce a protein is called | translation |
| T or F: In transcription a DNA gene is read and copied to produce a newly formed strand of DNA | False |
| The organelle in which transcription takes place is the | nucleus |
| Centromeres, that hold sister chromatid pairs, separate | anaphase |
| Microtubules from mitotic spindle attach to centromeres | Metaphase |
| Nucleolus disappears during this phase | prophase |
| chromosomes arrive at poles during this phase | telophase |
| _____ is required for osmosis to occur | A selectively permeable membrane |
| Intestinal cells are joined by ____ in order to prevent digestive juices from moving between and damaging adjacent cells | tight junctions |
| Rapid digestion of a cell by its own lysosomes is called | autolysis |
| What are the cell membrane junctions | Gap, Tight, and Desmosome |
| Lysosomes remove old organelles through a process called | autophagy |
| The synthesis of steroid hormones occurs in the | smooth ER |
| The primary structure for the processing and packaging of proteins for transport out of the cell is the | golgi apparatus |
| Transport (shuttle) vesicles are produced within a cell by ____ | rough ER |
| A resting membrane potential is essential in the normal function of | nerve and muscle cells |
| _____ junctions allow small solutes to travel between adjacent cells | gap |
| _____ diffusion is the most important factor in establishing the specific value of the resting membrane potential | Potassium |
| Finely filamented mass of DNA and protein | Chromatin |
| Become visible only when the cell is dividing | chromosomes |
| DNA double helix wound around a cluster of histones | nucleosome |
| The microscope of choice for a detailed three-dimensional study of the surface of a cell specimen is the | scanning electron microscope |
| _____ is a passive form of transport | simple diffusion |
| DNA replicates during this phase | S phase |
| The sodium-potassium exchange pump transports ___ sodium ions out of the cell for every ___ potassium ions it transports into the cell | 3, 2 |
| Centriole production is completed Enzymes and other structures needed for cell division are synthesized | G2 phase |
| Move chromosomes during cell division | microtubules |
| propels sperm cells of human male | flagellum |
| All materials that enter or leave the cell must pass across the | plasma membrane |
| The synthesis of a new protein from an mRNA transcript is called ____ | translation |
Created by:
lindseylew