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Urinary system

Vett 118 chapter 7

TermDefinition
Urinary system removes waste from the body by constantly filtering blood
homeostasis the stable environment in the body
home/o unchanging
urin/o or ur/o pertaining to urinary organs or urine
Retroperitoneally how kidneys are located ; behind the abdominal cavity or outside the peritoneal cavity
Ren/o or Nephr/o kidney
Cortex outer layer of the kidney , or outer
medulla middle or inner portion of the kidney
nephron functional unit of the kidney
glomerulus cluster of capillaries that filter blood
bowmans capsule cup shaped structure that contains the glomerulus
renal corpuscle bowmans capsule and glomerulus together
proximal convoluted tubules hollow tubes located between the bowmans capsule and loops of henle that are involved in reabsorption
loop of Henle U shaped turn in the convoluted tubule of kidneys located between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules that is involved in reabsorption; has ascending and descending loop
distal convoluted tubules hollow tubes located between loops of Henle and the collecting tubules that are involved with secretion
collecting tubules hollow tubes that carry urine from the cortex to the renal pelvis
pyel/o renal pelvis
renal pelvis area of the kidney where nephrons collect urine before entering the ureters
Calyces or Calyx irregular cuplike spaces that collect urine from the kidneys
Hilus point of attachment or depression
convoluted rolled or coiled
Urinary bladder singular hollow muscular organ that holds urine
cyst/o urinary bladder
Ureters pair of narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
Trigone triangular portion of the urinary bladder at the base of the organ where the 3 angles have two ureteral openings and one urethral opening
Urethra tube extending from bladder to the outside of the body
Urethr/o Urethra
Urethral meatus external opening of the urethra
uropoiesis process of urine production
-poiesis formation
turbid cloudy
Erythropoietin hormone produced by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production in red bone marrow
ADH antidiuretic
Aldosterone hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates electrolyte balance via the reabsorption of sodium
Cystocentesis Surgical puncture of the urinary bladder to collect urine
Cystography radiographic study of the urinary bladder after contrast material has been placed in the urinary bladder via catheter
Cystogram radiographic film of the urinary bladder after contrast material has been placed
Retrograde going backwards
Cystoscopy visual examination of the urinary bladder using a fiberoptic instrument
Cystoscope fiberoptic instrument used to access the interior of the urinary bladder
Intravenous Pyelogram radiographic study of kidney and ureters where dye is injected into the vein to define structures
pneumocystography radiographic study of the urinary bladder after air has been placed in the bladder via catheter
scout film plain x-ray without contrast material
retrograde pyelogram radiographic study of kidney and ureters where contrast material is placed directly into the bladder
UA Urinalysis
albuminuria presence of major blood protein in urine
anuria complete suppression of urine production
bacteriuria presence of bacteria in urine
crystalluria urine with naturally produced angular solid of definitive form ( crystals)
dysuria difficult or painful urination
glucosuria glucose or sugar in urine
hematuria blood in the urine
ketonuria presence of ketones in urine
nocturia excessive urination at night
oliguria scant or little urine
pollakiuria frequent urination
polyuria excessive urination
proteinuria presence of proteins in urine
pyuria pus in urine
stranguria slow or painful urination
azotemia presence of urea or other nitrogenous elements in the blood
calculus abnormal mineral deposit
Lith/o or -lith stone or calculus
casts fibrous or protein materials found in urine with renal disease or another abnormality
cystalgia or cystodynia urinary bladder pain
cystitis inflammation of the urinary bladder
cystocele displacement of the urinary bladder through the vaginal wall
epispadias abnormal condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsum of the penis
feline lower urinary tract disease common disease in cats which cystitis, urethritis and crystalluria are found commonly called FUS
glomerulonephritis inflammation of kidney involving the glomeruli
hydronephrosis dilation of renal pelvis as a result of an obstruction to urine flow
hydroureter distention of the ureter with urine caused by any blockage
hypospadias abnormal condition in which the urethra opens on the ventral surface of the penis
interstitial cystitis inflammation within the wall of the urinary bladder
nephrectasis distention of the kidneys
distention enlargement
-ectasis distention or stretching
nephritis inflammation of the kidneys
nephrolith kidney stone
nephromalacia abnormal softening of the kidney
nephropathy disease of the kidney
nephrosclerosis abnormal hardening of the kidney
nephrosis abnormal condition of the kidney
prerenal before the kidney
postrenal after the kidney
prolapse downward displacement of an organ
-ptosis drooping
nephroptosis prolapsed kidney
pyelitis inflammation of the renal pelvis
pyelonephritis inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney
renal failure inability of the kidneys to function
ARF acute renal failure
CRF chronic renal failure
PU polyuria
PD polydipsia- excessive thirst or drinking
Diuresis elevated excretion of urine
renal infarcation obstruction of blood flow to the kidneys
uremia waste products in the blood
ureterectasis distension of the ureter
ureterolith stone in the ureter
urethritis inflammation of the urethra
urethrolithiasis disorder characterized by the presence of urethral stones
urethrostenoisis stricture of the urethra
stricture abnormal band of tissue narrowing a passage
urinary retention inability to completely empty the urinary bladder
urinary tract infection invasion of microorganisms in the urinary system
urolith urinary bladder stone
cystectomy surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder
cystopexy surgical fixation of bladder to abdominal wall
cystoplasty surgical repair of the bladder
cystostomy surgical creation of a new opening between the skin and urinary bladder
cystotomy surgical incision into the urinary bladder
dialysis procedure to remove blood waste products when the kidneys are no longer functioning
peritoneal dialysis removal of blood waste products by fluid exchange through the peritoneal cavity
hemodialysis removal of blood waste products by filtering blood through a machine. HD
lithotripsy destruction of stone using ultrasonic waves traveling through water
-tripsy crush
nephrectomy surgical removal of kidney
nephropexy surgical fixation of kidney to abdominal wall
nephroplasty surgical repair of the kidney
nephrostomy surgical creation of a new opening between the skin and kidney
nephrotomy surgical incision into the kidney
ureterectomy surgical removal of the ureter
ureteroplasty surgical repair of the ureter
urethrostomy surgical creation of permanent opening between urethra and skin
urethrotomy surgical incision into the urethra
ADH antidiuretic hormone
AKI acute kidney failure
BUN blood urea nitrogen
CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy
FLUTD feline lower urinary tract disease
FUS feline urologic syndrome
GFR glomerular filtration rate
HD hemodialysis
IHD intermittent hemodialysis
IVP intravenous pyelogram
K potassium
Na sodium
PU polyuria
SG specific gravity
UA urinalysis
Created by: chloesweeney522
 

 



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