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Plant tissues

terms and definitions

TermDefinition
tissue group of similar cells that perform a particular function
structural tissue Tissues such as wood that form the structural support for plants. Composed primarily of cellulose and lignin.
epidermis An outer layer of cells designed to provide protection
stomata Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move
guard cells The two cells that flank the stomatal pore and regulate the opening and closing of the pore.
leaf hairs hairlike structures that help retard the loss of water and help in defense against insects
inter cellular air spaces Gaps in between the spongy Mesophyll that allows air (carbon dioxide) to get to palisade Mesophyll and oxygen to leave the leaf
veins of the leaf run through the mesophyll layers and contain the vascular tissue xylem and phloem
leaf blade large broad part of the leaf
petiole thin stalk by which a leaf blade is attached to a stem
cell membrane A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
nucleus A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
cytoplasm A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
cellulose Carbohydrate component of plant cell walls.
cuticle Waxy, protective layer that covers the stems, leaves, and flowers of many plants. Helps prevent water loss (desiccation).
desiccation rendered thoroughly dry; exhausted of moisture which prevents metabolism
lignin A chemical that hardens the cell walls of plants.
chloroplast An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
vacuole Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Epidermal tissue forms the outer protective covering of a plant for protection
cork The outermost protective layer of a plant's bark, produced by the cork cambium.
cork cambium A cylinder of meristematic tissue in woody plants that replaces the epidermis with thicker, tougher cork cells.
meristematic plant tissue found only in the tips of shoots and roots; responsible for plant growth
apical meristem Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length.
Apical pertaining to the apex
apex the highest point
vascular cambium adds layers of vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem and is located between each of these
parenchyma Fundamental tissue composed of thin-walled living cells that function in photosynthesis and storage.
support tissue fibers give strength for leaves, stems and roots
Created by: rufuspat
 

 



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