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APA Unit 12 Lesson 1
AP A Unit 12 Lesson 1 Key Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| asexual reproduction | The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes. In most cases, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent. |
| clone | (1) A lineage of genetically identical individuals or cells. (2) In popular usage, an individual that is genetically identical to another individual. (3) As a verb, to make one or more genetic replicas of an individual or cell. |
| gametes | A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg or sperm, that is formed by meiosis or is the descendant of cells formed by meiosis. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote. |
| gene | A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses). |
| heredity | The transmission of traits from one generation to the next. |
| inheritance | the genetic characters transmitted from parent to offspring, taken collectively. |
| meiosis | A modified type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms consisting of two rounds of cell division but only one round of DNA replication. It results in cells with half the number of chromosome sets as the original cell. |
| sexual reproduction | Reproduction arising from fusion of two gametes. |
| somatic cell | Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg or their precursors. |
| synapsis | The pairing and physical connection of one duplicated chromosome to its homolog during prophase I of meiosis. |
| tetrad | A group of four chromatids formed by synapsis at the beginning of meiosis. |