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Apologia Chem M 3B

Atomic Structure, second half

QuestionAnswer
The particle model of light states that light is made up of small particles called photons.
The wave model of light states that light is a wave that travels much lie a wave on the ocean.
Particle/wave duality theory The theory that light sometimes behaves as a particle and sometimes it behaves as a wave.
crests the high point of waves
troughs the low point of waves
wavelengths the distance between the crests (or troughs) of a wave
amplitude a measure of the height of the crests or the depths or the troughs on a wave
visible spectrum the range of light wavelengths that are visible to the human eye
physical constant a measurable quantity in nature that does not change
frequency the number of wave crests (or troughs) that pass a given point each second
Hertz unit meaning 1 per second
when a wavelength is large, the frequency is small
when a wavelength is small, the frequency is large
While we often use several of the light waves with wavelengths longer than visible light, we do NOT frequently use any of the light waves with wave lengths shorter than visible light.
The energy of a light wave is directly proportional to its frequency.
A light wave's wavelength is inversely related to its energy.
Light with wavelengths shorter than visible light has enough energy to kill living tissue.
Gamma rays and X-rays are more energetic than ultraviolet light, so they are more dangerous to living tissue.
Light is an electromagnetic phenomenon, produced by the interaction of electrically charge particles, so it is often called electromagnetic radiation.
Planck's constant Joule-second
The rods in our eyes are sensitive mostly to low levels of light and are not very sensitive to color.
The cones in our eyes respond to certain specific energies of light.
Cones get tired pretty quickly, and when they have sent the same signal to the brain for a period of several seconds, they eventually just shut off.
The way we perceive color, then, is based on the energy of the light that hits our eyes.
Atoms seem to emit individual wavelengths of light.
Most colors we see are the result of a range of wavelengths, not individual ones.
Each element produces its own unique set of wavelengths when heated or electrified.
If you need to determine the atoms in a substance, one way to do so is to heat the substance up and determine the wavelengths of light that are emitted.
spectrometer a scientific instrument that can analyze the light and determine all of the individual wavelengths that make it up
spectroscopy the process by which individual wavelengths of light emitted by a substance are analyzed
Niels Bohr took Rutherford's planetary mode and added his own twist; suggested that there were several possible orbits that electrons could be in
nucleus center of the atoms, including the neutrons and protons
Created by: MrsHough
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