click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Apologia Chem M 2A
Atoms and Molecules, up through Dalton
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| continuous theory of matter | theory that substances were composed of long, UNBROKEN BLOBS of matter |
| Democritus | Greek philosopher, 460-370 BC, proposed the DIScontinuous theory of matter after walking along the beach |
| DIScontinuous theory of matter | proposed that matter is composed of tiny individual particles |
| Antoine Lavoisier | late 1700s, considered to be FOUNDER of chemistry, developed theory that led to development of the Law of Mass Conservation |
| law of mass conservation | matter cannot be created or destroyed; it can ONLY change FORMS |
| qualitative measurements | not exact amounts |
| quantitative measurements | measurements that are made as PRECISELY as possible |
| decomposition | the process by which a substance is BROKEN DOWN into its constituent parts |
| elements | any substance that CANNOT be broken down into simpler components; a substance consisting of identical ATOMS |
| periodic table of elements | a compilation of the most important information about each element, placed into an organized system |
| technetium | first artificially created element, created in 1937 |
| metals | found to the left of the jagged line; are usually malleable, have luster, and are able to conduct electricity |
| nonmetals | found to the right of the jagged line; typically brittle, lack luster, and do not conduct electricity |
| Even though hydrogen is left of the jagged line, | it is always considered a nonmetal. |
| metalloids | have some metallic properties and some nonmetal properties |
| compounds | substances that can be decomposed into elements by CHEMICAL means; a substance consisting of identical MOLECULES |
| the law of definite proportions | the proportion of elements in any compound is always the SAME |