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Unit 1 Vocabulary
Thinking Geographically Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absolute Location | A specific place on the Earth identified using an address or coordinates of latitude & longitude (ex. 30 N, 60 W) |
| Relative Location | The location of a place relative to other places. (ex. Near, Far, Close, East, West) |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | Determines the absolute location of something on Earth using satellites. |
| Geographic Information System (GIS) | A computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth's surface. |
| Geography | The study of physical features of the earth's surface |
| Coordinates | Geographers use a coordinate system to describe the location of any particular place on Earth. The coordinate system is made up of lines of longitude and lines of latitude. |
| Cartography | The science or practice of drawing maps. |
| Site | The unique physical characteristics of a place |
| Situation | The characteristics of a place relative to other places |
| Scale | The level of zoom. (Individual, local, regional, national, global/international) |
| Scale of Inquiry | The size of the units of measure within the scale |
| Map Scale | Scale is the relationship between map units and the actual distance on the Earth. (“1 centimeter equals 1 kilometer.” Ratio 1:100,000,000) |
| Projection | The process which the 3-D surface of Earth is transferred onto a 2D map |
| Distortion | The change to an object, form, or thing |
| Meridian | An arc drawn between the North and South poles |
| Parallel | A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians |
| Longitude | The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian |
| Latitude | The numbering system to indicate the location of a parallel |
| Equator | A line that runs through the middle of the Earth horizontally. This separates the Earth into North and South. |
| Prime Meridian | The meridian that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England, is 0 degrees longitude |
| International Date Line | An arc that for the most part follows 180° longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When you cross the International Date Line heading east (toward America), the clock moves back 24 hours, or one entire day. |
| Remote Sensing | Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object and thus in contrast to on-site observation, especially the Earth. i.e. satellite used to info on the ocean’s depth. |
| Place | A unique location on earth’s surface |
| Toponym | Place name (Ex: San Francisco is a toponym influenced by religion and Spanish colonization) |