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Unit 1 - Geo Terms
Thinking Geographically Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Personal Interviews | A qualitative data collection method where people are asked a series of questions related to events, opinions, and experiences to construct meaning, which often differs due to class, ethnicity, age, sexuality, etc. |
| Global Scale | The geographic study of information related to the entire world. |
| Absolute Location | A position of a place or item on the Earth's surface using latitude and longitude. |
| Shape Distortion | The depiction of items on a map that stretch or shrink the size of the objects being studied. |
| Functional Region | An area of space with a central node or point from which specific political, social, economic, or other activity flows; borders and boundaries adjust as improvements in communication and transportation technologies improve. |
| Perceptual Region (Vernacular) | An area defined by the beliefs and feelings of shared cultural identity. |
| Photographic Interpretation | The examination of images for identifying objects and patterns and for judging their significance. |
| Place | One of the five themes of geography; the physical and human characteristics that help us understand what it is like at a location. |
| Area Distortion | The depiction of items on a map are either too large or too small as a result of this form of distortion. |
| Online Visualization | Within geography, referred to as geovisualization. A set of tools and techniques supporting the analysis of geospatial data through the use of interactive visualization like virtual reality or augmented reality. |
| Relative Distance | Measurements in non-absolute criteria, such as travel time or psychological factors. (For example, the number of street lights you must pass through could affect your sense of distance, especially if you hit every red light). |
| Field Observation (fieldwork) | Collection of raw data outside of laboratory, library, or workplace that includes qualitative methods like informal interviews, direct observations, participation in the life of groups, collective discussions, and so on. |
| Natural Resources | Materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain. |
| Census Data | A form of qualitative information that records demographic information about members of a given population. |
| Travel Narratives | Written accounts focusing on the connection between the traveler and the traveled spaces. |
| Satellite Navigation System (Sat Nav) | The use of satellites to provide a geo-spatial position on Earth's surface. (For example: GPS). |
| Regional Analysis | Examination of the similarities and differences relative to the relationships between people and places. |
| Distance Distortion | The depiction of items on a map that causes improper locations and changes in compass bearings between two points. |
| Thematic Maps | Maps that attempt to reveal the spatial distribution of one or two attribute data sets. |
| Regional Scale | The geographic study of information related to a region. |
| Satellite Imagery | Pictures of Earth taken by imaging satellites, typically operated by government agencies or businesses. |
| Relative Direction | Based in less formal means of demonstrating a course of movement. (For example: The Far East was termed such by those in Western Europe. It was the furthest points of the known world to these individuals. The Midwest was termed as such by those living in |
| Land Use | Management and modification of natural environments or wilderness into built environments such as settlements and semi-natural habitats such as arable fields, pastures, and managed woods. |
| National Scale | The geographic study of information related to the entirety of a single country. |
| Absolute Direction | Based upon the four cardinal points/compass bearings of north, south, east, west. |
| Absolute Distance | A measure of the space between objects using a standard unit like miles or kilometers. |
| Media Reports | A form of geographic data collection that includes digital, radio, television, and print resources related to news, quarterly journals, and other forms of publishing. |
| Time-Space Convergence(compression) | A measure in the change in the effort required to overcome distance, the average rate of decline in travel time between two places over time. |
| Online Mapping | The use of software within a website to create, maintain, and analyze maps. |
| Distance Decay | The decrease in interaction between two phenomena, places, or people as distance between them increase. |
| Remote Sensing | Data collected from a distance without visiting or interacting directly with the phenomenon of interest. |
| Geographical (Geospatial) Data | Data or information that identifies geographic features, locations, and boundaries on Earth that can be accessed, manipulated, and analyzed using geospatial software like GIS. |
| Environmental Determinism | 19th century geographic theory that says that the physical environment predisposed social, economic, and political development of societies. |
| Geographic Information System (GIS) | A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all forms of geographic data. |
| Dispersal | Distribution of items over a wide geographic area. |
| Flows | The movement of people, ideas, product, commodities, capital, etc. in a constant stream from one location to another. E.G. the flows of rural-to-urban migration. |
| Sustainability | The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level of production to avoid the depletion of natural resources and maintain an ecological balance. |
| Map Distortion | The outcome of transferring the three-dimensional Earth onto a flat surface; results in changes to distance, direction, shape, and area. |
| Relative Location | One's location based up the distance and direction from another known location. |
| Landscape Analysis | In Human Geography: A method of fieldwork where one discovers geographic patterns and collects, desribes, and interprets geographic data related to human activities. |
| Formal Region | An area of space inhabited by people who have internal uniformity and homogeneity; typically with defined boundaries. |
| Policy Documents | A form of geographic data that originates from written documents related to the use of space. |
| Possibilism | The theory that the environment sets constraints or limitations on culture, but that culture is otherwise determine by social conditions. |
| Direction Distortion | The depiction of items on a map that causes improper locations and changes in compass bearings between two points. |
| Space | Locations that lack meaning and, therefore, have many ways of attempting to understand the human activities and interactions within these locations. (For example: Economic geographers attempt to use measures of the interaction between consumers, producers |
| Local Scale | The geographic study of information of a small area like a neighborhood, village, or small town. |
| Elevation | Height above a given level, typically sea level. |
| Reference Maps | Showing where something is in space, physical features like landforms, coastlines, waterways and political data boundaries, settlements, transportation or other networks for their own sake. |
| Clustering | Distribution of items in close proximity to one another. |
| Pattern | The regular arrangement or placement of objects on Earth's surface. |
| Cartography | The science of map making |
| Density | Frequency that something occurs |
| Globalization | Process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | A global system of U.S. navigational satellites developed to provide precise positional and velocity data and global time synchronization for air, sea, and land travel. |
| Choropleth Map | A map that uses differences in shading, coloring, or the placing of symbols within predefined areas to indicate the average value of a property or quantity in those areas. |
| Dot Distribution Map | Uses a dot symbol to show the presence of a feature or a phenomenon. Maps that rely on visual scatter to show spatial patterns. |
| Isoline Maps | A map with lines that connect points of equal or similar value. Used to make connections on a map. |
| Cartograms | Maps that distort reality to convey information. They resize and exaggerate any variable on a map to show the importance of the information. |
Created by:
sarahdoyle3