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bales
Exam Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| study of composition and structure of materials and the changes that materials undergo best describes the science of | chemistry |
| technology is | the application of scientific knowledge to solve problems |
| a physical property may be investigated by | melting ice |
| chemical properties | include changes that alter the identity of a substance |
| based on its location in the periodic table you could infer that _______ is very unreactive | Ar |
| a vertical cloumn of blocks in the periodic table is | group |
| the elements that border the zigzag line in periodic table are | metalliods |
| physical means can be used to seperate | mixtures |
| group _____ in the periodic table contains only metals | 2 |
| which element has properties most similar of those to sodium? | calcium |
| the state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but no definite shape is | liquid state |
| the most appropriate SI unit for measuring the length of an automobile is the | meter |
| poor precision in scientific measurements may arise from | both human erroe and the limitations of the measuring instrument |
| the SI unit for time is the | second |
| to calculate the density of an object | divide its mass by its volume |
| the symbol that represets the measured unit for volume is | mL |
| the unit m3 measures | volume |
| the symbol for the metric unit used to measure mass is | g |
| the standard SI units for length and mass are | meter and kilogram |
| the metric unit for length that is closest to the thickness of a dime is the | millimeter |
| what process always decreases the number of protons by an even number? | Alpha decay |
| what is the atomic number of tungsten | 74 |
| how many significant digits are in 50.000005 | 2 |
| this does not detect radiation | radio active tracer |
| phosphorus-33 contains | 18 neutrons |
| an atom of potassium has 19 protons and 20 neutrons, what is the mass number? | 19 |
| as the mass number of isotopes of an element increases the number of protons | remains the same |
| reactions that affect the nucleus of an atom are called | nuclear reactions |
| how many half-lives are required for 3/4 of the nuclei of 1 isotope in a sample of decay? | 2 |
| in a glass tube electrical current passes from the negative electrode called the _____ | cathode |
| a quantum of electromagnetic energy is called | photon |
| the emission of electrons from metals that have absorbed photons is called the | photoelectric effect |
| the distance between two successive peaks on a wave is its | wavelength |
| Max Plancsk proposed that a hot object radiated energy in small, specific amounts called | quanta |
| for electromagnetic radiation c (the speed of light) equals | frequency times wavelength |
| in SI, the frequency of electromagnetic radiation is measured in | hertz |
| one of the wave propertied of electromagnetic radiation, such as light,is | frequency |
| as it travels through space, electromagnetic radiation | exhibits wavelike behavior |
| how many groups are found on the periodic table? | 18 |
| how many periods are found on the periodic table? | 7 |
| A horizontal row of blocks in the periodic table is called | family |
| the electron configuration of aluminum, atomic number 13, is [NE} 3s2 3p1. Aluminum is in period | 13 |
| the principle that states that the physical and chemical properties of the elemtns are periodic functions of their atomis numbers is | the periodic law |
| the person whose work led to a periodic table based on increasing atomic number was | Moseley |
| to which group do flourine and chlorine belong? | halogens |
| argon, krypton and xenon are | noble gases |
| the most useful source of general information about the elements for anyone associated with chemistry is a | periodic table |
| elements in a group or column in the periodic table can be expected to have similar | properties |
| to which group do lithium and potassium belong? | alkali metals |
| the energy required to remove an electron from an atom is the atom's | ionization energy |
| the electron configuration of nitrogen is 1s2 2s2 2p3. how many more electrons does nitrogen need to satisfy the octect rule? | 8 |
| the substance whose lewis structure shows 3 covalent bonds is | NH3 |
| the elements of the _______ group satisfy the octect rule without forming compounds | moble gas |
| an octect rule is equal to | 3 |
| a compound that vaporizes readily at room temperature is most likely to be an | molecular compound |
| NOT a property of an ionic compound | low boiling point |
| how many double bonds are in the lewis structure for hydrogen flouride, HF? | none |
| if a material can be shaped or extended by physcal pressure, such as hammering, which property does the material have? | malleability |
| the electron-sea model of bonding represents | metallic bonding |
| atoms are _____ when they are combined | more stable |
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