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Jennifers stack
Exam Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| `Study of the composition and structure of materials and the changes that materials undergo best describes the science of | Chemistry |
| A physical Property may be invested by | melting ice |
| Technology is the | analysis ochemical behavior |
| Elememts in a group in the periodic table can be expected to have similar | properties |
| The elements that border the zigzag line in the periodic table are | metalloids |
| Two features that that distiguish matter are | mass and volume |
| The particles in solids are | packed closely together |
| The state of matter in hich a material has a def. shape and def. volume | solid state |
| The most useful source of chemical information about the elememts | periodic table |
| The branch of chemistry that is concerned with the identification and composition of materials is | analytical chemistry |
| *Quantitative observations are recorded using | numerical info. |
| Qualitative observations are recorded using | non-numerical information |
| The SI units for length and mass are | meter and kilogram |
| The symbol for the metric unit to maesure mass is | g |
| a change in Earth's gravity on an object will sffect its | weight |
| To determine density, he qualities that must be measured are | volume and mass |
| Poor precision in scientific measurement may arise from | both human error and the limitations of the measuring indtrument |
| The number of sig figs in the measurement 0.000 305 kg is | 3 |
| what would be the most appropriate SI unit for expressing the mass of a single brick | Kilograms |
| Why should scientists record all observations, even those that appear insignificant | They should b/c later on another scientist could use their observations for another research or something |
| * Rutherfords experiments led to the discovery of the | nucleus |
| organic chemistry is the study of | carbon containing compounds |
| What is the atomic number for aluminum | 13 |
| Sulphur-34 contains | 18 neutrons |
| Gamma rays are | electromagnetic wave |
| what unit messures radiation | roentgen |
| what scientist discovered electrons | J.J Thompson |
| what are often used to monitor the approx. radiation exposure of people working with radioactive materials | film badges |
| What is the atomic number for Tungsten | 74 |
| isotopes of an element contain different numbers of | neutrons |
| * The distance between two successive peaks on a wave is its | wavelength |
| In SI, the frequency of electromagnetic radiation is measured in | hertz |
| A quantum of electromagnetic energy is called an | photon |
| a 3-dementional region around a nucleus where an atom may be found is called an | orbital |
| How many quantum #'s are needed to describe the energy state of an electron in an atom | 4 |
| The number of orbitals for the d sublevel is | 5 |
| For the f sublevel, the number of orbitals is | 7 |
| What is the total number of electronsd neeeded to filolo the first 2 main energy levels | 10 |
| The atomic sublevel with the next highest energy level after 4p is | 5s |
| The main energy level that can hold only 2 eletrons is the | first |
| *Mendeleev is credited with developing the first successful | periodic table |
| To which group does lithium and potassium belong to | alkali metals |
| elelments to the right side of the periodic table(p-block elements) have properties most associated with | metals |
| The energy required to move an electron from an atom is the atoms | ionization energy |
| A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons is called | electronegativity |
| The element that has the greatest electronegativity is | Fluorine |
| 1/2 the distance between the nuclei of identical atomsd that are bonded together are called | atomic radius |
| A positive ion is known as a | cation |
| The number a valence electrons in Group 2 elements is | 2 |
| within a group of elements, as the atomic number increases, the atomic radius | increases |
| *A mutual electrical attraction btween the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds atoms together is called | chemical bond |
| Atoms are ----- when they are combined | more stable |
| Most chemical bonds are | partly ionic and partly covalent |
| A covalent bond results when---are shared | electrons |
| An octet is = to? | 8 |
| The elements of the---- group satisfy the octet rule w/out forming compounds | noble gas |
| TO draw a lewis structure, one must know the | number of valence electrons in each atom |
| How many double bonds are in the lewis structure for hydrogen fluoride, HF | one |
| Malleability are ductility are characteristics of substances with | metallic bonds |
| A chemical bond resulting from the electrostatic attraction b/t positive and negative ions is called an | ionic bond |
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