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Rhetorical Devices
Vocabulary List for our Rhetoric Unit: Speak Up!
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Holy War | Rhetorical device that argues that God is on the side of the speaker/writer; implies that to not agree with the speaker or writer is to then go against God . |
| Anecdote | Rhetorical device that tells a story (usually biographical) with a moral. |
| Appeal to Fear | Rhetorical device that scares the reader into agreeing with the speaker/writer. |
| Ethos | This Aristotle Appeal focuses on the speaker who is attempting to convince you that he/she is respectable which is why you should listen to him/her. The speaker builds his argument on his credibility and expertise on a topic. |
| Pathos | This Aristotle Appeal focuses on the audience. The speaker attempts to manipulate the emotions of the audience to persuade them to his side of the argument. |
| Logos | This Aristotle Appeal focuses on the words used by the speaker. It is founded in data, evidence, and facts. It uses data and numbers to convince the audience to join the speaker's side of an issue. |
| Rhetorical Devices | Techniques used to persuade an audience to consider a different perspective |
| Loaded Words | The speaker uses words that cause a powerful emotional response; this response can be positive or negative. These words are emphasized by the speaker and are used to get an emotional reaction from the audience. |
| Appeal to Patriotism | The speaker uses the audience's love of country to persuade him/her. He/She tells the audience to do or believe something because it is what our country wants/needs. |
| Metaphor | To compare to unlike things by stating or implying that the one thing is the same as the other. |
| Last Resort | The speaker tells the audience that he/she has no other choice but to join the speaker's side. This is a weak argument because most of the time there IS another choice/option. |
| Hyperbole | An exaggeration that is so extreme it is not meant to be believable |
| Imagery | Vivid descriptions that appeal to the five senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell |
| Rhetorical Question | The speaker asks a question of the audience without expecting an answer; he/she often answers it himself later in the speech/text |
| Allusion | A brief reference to a well-known place, event, text, or person. |
| Irony | A humorous or sarcastic expression in which the intended meaning of the words is the opposite of their usual meaning |
| Repetition | The speaker repeats significant words, phrases, or ideas to emphasize them |
| Parallelism | Repeating the same grammatical structure (phrase, clause) in an attempt to give the words a rhythmic/poetic/musical quality so that they resonate with the audience |
| Logical Reasoning | Argument that is founded in reasoning; because something happened before, it will likely happen again; "if-then" statements |
| Fallacy | A weak argument; it is flawed |
| Ad Hominem | The speaker attacks a person/group rather than argues the topic in this fallacy; name-calling |
| Slippery Slope | This fallacy is like a snowball effect; if one little thing is allowed to happen, then it will lead to something huge happening. |
| Loaded Question | In this fallacy, the speaker directs a question to the audience in which no matter what answer is given, the person giving the answer is guilty; the audience is left "between a rock and a hard place" |
| Middle Ground | This fallacy argues that the correct answer is found in the middle of two extremes |
| Bandwagon | This fallacy is founded in popularity: do or believe something because it is what everyone else is doing/believing |
| Plain Folks | This fallacy uses everyday (not famous) people to further its cause |
Created by:
jgeesey