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ch 22, 23, 24,25
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA) | A procedure for decreasing problem in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that serves as a desirable alternative to the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem behavior (e.g. |
| Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI) | A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that is a topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem behavior (e.g. |
| Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates (DRL) | A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement (a) follows each occurrence of the target behavior that is separated from the previous response by a minimum interresponse time (IRT) |
| Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO) | A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during or at specific times (i.e. |
| Fixed-Interval DRO (FI-DRO) | A DRO procedure in which reinforcement is available at the end of intervals of fixed duration and delivered contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during each interval. (See differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO).) |
| Fixed-Momentary DRO (FM-DRO) | A DRO procedure in which reinforcement is available at specific moments of time |
| Full-Session DRL | A procedure for implementing DRL in which reinforcement is delivered at the end of the session if the total number of responses emitted during the session does not exceed a criterion limit. (See differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL).) |
| Interval DRL | A procedure for implementing DRL in which the total session is divided into equal intervals and reinforcement is provided at the end of each interval in which the number of responses during the interval is equal to or below a criterion limit. (See differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL).) |
| Spaced-Responding DRL | A procedure for implementing DRL in which reinforcement follows each occurrence of the target behavior that is separated from the previous response by a mimimum interresponse time (IRT). (See differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL).) |
| Variable-Interval DRO (VI-DRO) | A DRO procedure in which reinforcement is available at the end of intervals of variable duration and delivered contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during the interval. (See differential reinforcement of other behaviors (DRO).) |
| Variable Momentary DRO (VM-DRO) | A DRO procedure in which reinforcement is available at specific moments of time |
| Behavioral Momentum | A methaphor to describe a rate or responding and its resistance to change following an alteration in reinforcement conditions. The momentum methaphor has also been used to describe the effects produced by the high-probability (high-p) request sequence. |
| Fixed-Time Schedule (FT) | A schedule for the delivery of non-contingent stimuli in which a time interval the same from one delivery to the next. |
| Functional Communication Training (FCT) | An antecedent intervention in which as appropriate communicative behavior is taught as a replacement behavior for problem behavior usually evoked by an establishing operation (EO); involves differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) |
| High-Probability (high-p) Request Sequence | An antecedent intervention in which two to five easy tasks with a known history of learner compliance (the high-p requests) are presented in quick succession immediately before requesting the target task |
| Noncontingent Reinforcement (NCR) | A procedure in which stimuli with known reinforcing properties are presented on fixed-time (FT) or variable-time (VT) schedules completely independent of behavior often used as an antecedent intervention to reduce problem behavior. (See fixed-time schedule (FT) |
| Variable-Time Schedule (VT) | A schedule for the delivery of noncontingent stimuli in which the interval of time from one delivery to the next randomly varies around a given time. For example |
| Contingency Reversal | Exchanging the reinforcement contingencies for two topographically different responses. For example |
| Descriptive Functional Behavior Assessment | Direct observation of problem behavior and the antecedent and consequent events under naturally occurring conditions. |
| Functional Analysis | An analysis of the purposes (functions) of problem behavior |
| Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) | A systematic method of assessment for obtaining information about the purposes (functions) a problem behavior serves for a person; results are used to guide the design of an investigation for decreasing the problem behavior and increasing appropriate behavior. |
| Functionally Equivalent | Serving the same function or purpose; different topographies of behavior are functionally equivalent if they produce the same consequences. |
| Indirect Functional Assessment | Structured interviews |
| Autoclitic | A secondary verbal operant in which some aspects of a speaker's own verbal behavior functions as an SD or an MO for additional speaker verbal behavior. The autoclitic relation can be thought of as verbal behavior about verbal behavior. |
| Automatic Punishment | Punishment that occurs independent of the social medication by others (i.e. |
| Automatic Reinforcement | Reinforcement that occurs independent of the social mediation of others (e.g. |
| Convergent Multiple Control | Occurs when a single verbal response is a function of more than one variable and what is said has more than one antecedent source of control |
| Copying a Text | An elementary verbal operant that is evoked by a nonvocal verbal discriminative stimulus that has point-to-point correspondence and formal similarity with the controlling response. |
| Divergent Multiple Control | Occurs when a single antecedent variable affects the strength of more than one response. |
| Echoic | An elementary verbal operant involving a response that is evoked by a verbal discriminative stimulus that has point-to-point correspondence and formal similarity with the response. |
| Formal Similarity | A situation that occurs when the controlling antecedent stimulus and response or response product (a) share the same sense mode (e.g. |
| Generic (tact) Extension | A tact evoked by a novel stimulus that shares all of the relevant or defining features associated with original stimulus. |
| Impure Tact | A verbal operant involving a response that is evoked by both an MO and a nonverbal stimulus; thus |
| Intraverbal | An elementary verbal operant that is evoked by a verbal discriminative stimulus and that does not have point-to-point correspondence with that verbal stimulus. |
| Listener | Someone who provides reinforcement for verbal behavior. A listener may also serve as an audience evoking verbal behavior. (Contrast with a speaker) |
| Mand | An elementary verbal operant that is evoked by an MO and followed by specific reinforcement. |
| Metaphorical (tact) extension | A tact evoked by a novel stimulus that shares some |
| Metonymical (tact) extension | A tact evoked by a novel stimulus that shares none of the relevant features of the original stimulus configuration |
| Multiple Control | There are two types of multiple control: (a) convergent multiple control occurs when a single verbal response is a function of more than one variable and (b) what is said has more than one antecedent source of control. Divergent multiple control occur when a single antecedent variable affects the strength of more than one response. |
| Point-to-Point Correspondence | A relation between the stimulus and response or response product that occurs when the beginning |
| Private Events | Private Stimuli |
| Solistic (Tact) Extension | A verbal response evoked by a stimulus property that is only indirectly related to the proper tact relation (e.g. |
| Speaker | Someone who engages in verbal behavior by emitting mands |
| Tact | An elementary verbal operant evoked by a nonverbal discriminative stimulus and followed by generalized conditioned reinforcement. |
| Textual | An elementary verbal operant involving a response that is evoked by verbal discriminative stimulus that has point-to-point correspondence |
| Transcription | An elementary verbal operant involving a spoken verbal stimulus that evokes a written |
| Verbal Behavior | Behavior whose reinforcement is mediated by a listener; includes both vocal-verbal behavior (e.g. |
| Verbal Operant | The unit of analysis of verbal behavior is the functional relation between a type of responding and the same independent variables that control nonverbal behavior |
Created by:
bellawhiskers