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A new planet has been discovered and its atmosphere has been analysed. Which gases are present in the atmosphere of the planet in a higher percentage than they are in the Earth’s atmosphere?
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Which pollutant found in air does not have an effect on respiration?
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IGCSE CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A new planet has been discovered and its atmosphere has been analysed. Which gases are present in the atmosphere of the planet in a higher percentage than they are in the Earth’s atmosphere? | Carbon dioxide only |
| Which pollutant found in air does not have an effect on respiration? | Lead compounds |
| Sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen are common gaseous pollutants found in the air. Which pollutants contribute to acid rain? | Oxides of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide |
| The following substances can be formed when petrol is burnt in a car engine. Which substance is the main cause of acid rain? | Water |
| Which is a use of oxygen? | To react with methane in a Bunsen burner |
| Carbon monoxide is an air pollutant produced when petrol is burned in a car engine. Why is carbon monoxide considered to be an air pollutant? | It is poisonous |
| A farmer moves his cows into a concrete shelter for protection. There is little access for fresh air once the door is closed. Which gases would increase in amount in the shelter? | Carbon dioxide and methane |
| Which gas is not found in clean air? | Carbon monoxide |
| The pollutants released into the air from car exhausts and some power stations include oxides of the type XO and YO2. What are X and Y? | X - carbon and nitrogen Y - carbon, nitrogen and sulfur |
| Name three statements about rusting? | 1. Painting can stop iron gates rusting. 2. Rust is hydrated iron(III) oxide. 3. Water and oxygen are both needed for rusting. |
| A steel bicycle which had been left outdoors for several months was starting to rust. What would not reduce the rate of corrosion? | Remove the rust and wipe the bicycle with a clean damp cloth |
| Oxygen is a reactive element. Shows which of oxygen’s reactions are useful | Fuel combustion Steel manufacture |
| Which method is used for rust prevention? | 1. coating working parts of industrial machinery with oil 2 covering wire for gardening use with plastic 3. painting car bodies |
| Name three gases that is an atmospheric pollutant? | 1 carbon monoxide 2 nitrogen dioxide 3 sulfur dioxide |
| A sample of air from a town centre was analysed and found to contain mainly nitrogen and oxygen, but also traces of the four gases below. Name a gas that is a pollutant? | Sulfur dioxide |
| Which reaction involves oxidation? | Rusting of iron |
| Which is an air pollutant that affects a part of the body other than the lungs and blood system? | Lead compounds |
| Four steel paper clips are treated as described before being placed in a beaker of water. Which paper clip rusts most quickly? | Washed with soap and rinsed |
| A piece of uncoated iron and three pieces of iron with various coatings were left exposed to the air. Which piece of iron would rust? | The uncoated piece |
| Acid rain is formed when sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen dissolve in rain water. Which problem is not caused by acid rain? | Breathing difficulties |
| Which air pollutant is not made when coal burns in a power station? | Lead compounds |
| Oxides of nitrogen are given out from car exhausts. Shows why oxides of nitrogen are unwanted | Acidic and Toxic are involved |
| A factory burns coal with a high sulfur content. Which pollutant is most likely to lead to the death of trees? | Sulfur dioxide |
| What is the correct order of abundance of the gases in the air? | nitrogen → oxygen → argon → carbon dioxide |
| Argon is a noble gas used to fill light bulbs. What is the approximate percentage of argon in air? | 1 % |
| Coal is a fossil fuel. Which gas is not formed when coal burns? | Methane |
| Which is a use of oxygen? | Making steel |
| True or false: Alloying iron with other materials to form stainless steel prevents iron from rusting by excluding oxygen | False |
| True or false: Painting, oiling and electroplating are all methods of preventing iron from rusting | True |
| Which pollutant, found in car exhaust fumes, does not come from the fuel? | Lead compounds |
| Which compound in polluted air can damage stonework and kill trees? | Sulfur dioxide |
| True or false; Carbon monoxide is responsible for the production of ‘acid rain’. | False |
| True or false: Oxides of nitrogen are present in car exhausts. | True |
| True or false; Sulfur dioxide can be produced by the combustion of fossil fuels. | True |
| Substance K reacts with sodium carbonate to form a gas. The gas turns limewater cloudy. What is substance K and which process takes place in the reaction? | K are hydrochloric acid and the process are neutralisation |
| Name three statements about methane? | 1 It is a greenhouse gas. 2 It is formed by decomposition of vegetation. 3 It is used as a fuel. |
| Which process does not produce carbon dioxide? | Reaction of an alkali with a carbonate |
| Carbon dioxide and methane both contribute to climate change. Which process produces both gases? | Farming cattle |
| In which reaction is carbon dioxide not produced? | Hydrochloric acid reacting with magnesium |
| Unwanted vegetation is sometimes placed in a bin where it decays to form compost. This compost can be used to fertilise soils. Which gas is likely to be present in a higher percentage inside the bin than in the air outside the bin? | Methane |
| Carbon dioxide and methane are ‘greenhouse gases’ which contribute to global warming. Which process does not increase global warming? | Growing crops such as sugar cane |
| Name three statements about a gas? | 1 It is produced by thermal decomposition of a carbonate. 2 It is produced by the fermentation of glucose. 3 It is produced during the production of steel from iron |
| Which four reactions produce carbon dioxide? | 1 respiration 2 fermentation 3 combustion of methane 4 manufacture of lime |
| Gas X is a waste gas from digestion in animals. Gas Y is formed when gas X is burnt with a small amount of oxygen. Gas Z is formed when gas X is burnt with an excess of oxygen. What are X, Y and Z? | X - methane Y - carbon monoxide Z - carbon dioxide |
| Name four experiments carried out with calcium carbonate? | 1 acid added 2 alkali added 3 heated strongly 4 water added |
| Name three statements about methane? | 1 It is produced as vegetation decomposes. 2 It is produced by animals, such as cows. 3 It is used as a fuel |
| Which pollutant gas is produced by the decomposition of vegetation? | Methane |
| In which process is carbon dioxide not formed? | Heating lime |
| Shows four methods that were suggested for the formation of carbon dioxide | 1 Action of an alkali on a carbonate 2 Action of heat on a carbonate 3 Complete combustion of methane 4 Reaction of a carbonate with oxygen |
| How does carbon dioxide formed? Name 2 points. | 1 During respiration 2 When calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid |
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Haridus Academy