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Iron from a blast furnace is treated with oxygen and with calcium oxide to make steel. Which two substances in the iron are removed?
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Iron obtained from the blast furnace is contaminated with
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IGCSE CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Iron from a blast furnace is treated with oxygen and with calcium oxide to make steel. Which two substances in the iron are removed? | Oxygen removes carbon Calcium oxide removes acidic oxides |
| Iron obtained from the blast furnace is contaminated with | Carbon |
| In order to remove this substance, ......is passed through the molten iron. | Oxygen |
| ............ is also added to remove oxides of phosphorus and silicon which are ............ | Calcium oxide and acidic |
| Iron is extracted from its ore (hematite) in the blast furnace. Which gas is produced as a waste product? | Carbon dioxide |
| Iron is extracted from hematite in a blast furnace. Which reaction increases the temperature in the blast furnace to over 1500 °C? | Carbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide |
| Describes the conditions used to make steel from the iron produced by a blast furnace? | Calcium oxide, Oxygen and heat |
| Molten iron from the blast furnace contains impurities. The process of turning the impure iron into steel involves blowing oxygen into the molten iron and adding calcium oxide. What are the two reasons for blowing in oxygen and adding calcium oxide? | Blowing in oxygen carbon is removed by reacting with oxygen Adding calcium oxide reacts with acidic impurities making slag |
| Four reactions that take place in the blast furnace to produce iron are shown. Which reaction is used to keep the furnace hot? | C + O2 → CO2 |
| Iron is extracted from hematite in the Blast Furnace. The hematite contains silica as an impurity. What reacts with this impurity to remove it? | Calcium oxide |
| Which substance is not involved in the extraction of iron from hematite? | Nitrogen |
| True or false: When iron is converted into steel, oxygen is used to oxidise the iron. | False |
| Iron is extracted from its ore in a Blast Furnace. Hematite, coke, limestone and hot air are added to the furnace. Explain that in 3 points? | 1 Coke burns and produces a high temperature. 2 Hematite is the ore containing the iron as iron oxide. 3 Hot air provides the oxygen for the burning. |
| Name one statement about the extraction of iron from its ore | Iron is more difficult to extract than copper |
| Many metals are extracted from their ores by heating the metal oxide with carbon. Which metal cannot be extracted using this method? | Aluminum |
| A metal is extracted from hematite, its oxide ore. What is the metal and how is the oxide reduced | The metal are Fe and the method of reduction are heating with carbon |
| Some metals react readily with dilute hydrochloric acid. Some metals can be extracted by heating their oxides with carbon. For which metal are both statements correct? | Iron |
| In a blast furnace, iron(III) oxide is converted to iron and carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide. Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2 What happens to each of these reactants? | Iron(III) oxide is reduced and carbon monoxide is oxidised. |
| Which property is not considered a typical metallic property? | Low melting point |
| Some properties of substance X are listed. ● It conducts electricity when molten. ● It has a high melting point. ● It burns in oxygen and the product dissolves in water to give a solution with pH 11. What is X? | A metal |
| Name three statement for all metals? | Their atoms lose one or more electrons when they react. Conduct electricity when molten They may be used to form alloys. |
| Aluminium is the most common metal in the Earth’s crust. Name a property of aluminium? | Poor conductor of heat |
| Which metal is commonly used to form alloys with a non-metallic element? | Iron |
| M is a shiny silver metal. It has a melting point of 1455 °C. Many of its compounds are green. What is metal M? | Nickel |
| Pure metals conduct electricity and can be hammered into different shapes. Why are metals sometimes used as alloys? | Alloys are harder and keep their shape better |
| 15 A substance, X, has the following properties. 1 It has a high melting point. 2 It conducts electricity in the solid and liquid states. 3 It is malleable. 4 It had a high density. What is X? | Copper |
| Brass is used in electrical equipment. It contains two ……1…… elements. Together they form ……2…… . | 1. Metallic 2. An Alloy |
| The three statements below are about aluminum 1 Aluminum has an oxide ore. 2 is extracted from its ore by electrolysis. 3 Aluminum is used to make cooking utensils. In which statements can ‘aluminum’ be replaced by ‘iron’ and still be correct? | 1 Aluminum has an oxide ore. 2 Aluminum is used to make cooking utensils |
| True or falls: An aluminum alloy containing a small amount of copper is stronger than pure aluminum. | True |
| True or false: Alloys are made by mixing molten metals together and allowing them to cool | True |
| Which property is shown by all metals? | They conduct electricity |
| Name one statement about aluminium | It is strong and has a high density |
| Name two statements about the general properties of metals | Conduct electricity when solid High melting point |
| True or false: Metals are often used in the form of alloys. | True |
| True or false: Stainless steel is an alloy of iron. | True |
| True or false: Alloys always contain more than two metals | False |
| Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. Name one statement | The zinc in the alloy will dissolve in dilute hydrochloric acid |
| Element X is shiny and can be formed into a sheet by hammering. Describes the properties of element X? | Conduct electricity |
| Which property do all metals have? | They conduct electricity |
| Name three statement about alloys | 1 Alloys are more expensive than the metals they are made from. 2 Alloys are mixtures of different metals. 3 Alloys conduct electricity well |
| An inert atmosphere is needed in a lamp to lengthen the useful life of the metal filament. Why is argon, rather than helium, used for this purpose? | Argon is more abundant in the air |
| Stainless steel is an alloy of iron and other metals. It is strong and does not rust but it costs much more than normal steel. What is not made from stainless steel? | Railway lines |
| W, X and Y are metals, one is copper and one is iron. • W has a coloured oxide which can be reduced by carbon. • X has a black oxide and also found in nature as a pure metal. • Y has an oxide which cannot be reduced by carbon. What is W? | W is F |
| Tin is a metal that is less reactive than iron and is extracted from its ore cassiterite, SnO2. Name two statements about tin? | 1 Tin can be extracted from cassiterite using carbon 2 Tin is hard and shiny |
| Name the statement about the reactivity of metals | Potassium reacts with water to form hydrogen gas |
| Which substances do not react together? | Copper + dilute hydrochloric acid |
| The oxide of element X is reduced by heating with carbon. Element X does not react with cold water, steam or dilute hydrochloric acid. What is X? | Copper |
| Titanium reacts with acid and cannot be extracted from its ore by heating with carbon. Where should titanium be placed in this list? magnesium zinc iron copper. | Between magnesium and zinc |
| A chemical engineer plans to produce hydrochloric acid. Which metal is best for the reaction container? | Copper |
| Some metals react readily with dilute hydrochloric acid. Some metals can be extracted by heating their oxides with carbon. For which metal are both statements correct? | iron |
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