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IGCSE CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name a reaction that is reversible? | CuSo4.5H2O - CuSO4 + 5H2O |
| Name a reaction that is not a reversible reaction? | Combustion of alkanes |
| Heating pink cobalt chloride crystals forms a blue solid and steam. The blue solid turns pink when water is added. Describe the pink cobalt chloride and the reaction? | Pink cobalt chloride hydrate and the action is reversible |
| Name a reaction that will result in a decrease in pH? | Adding citric acid to sodium hydrogen carbonate solution |
| When blue copper sulfate is heated, a white solid and water are formed. The white solid turns blue and gives out heat when water is added to it. Describe the blue copper sulfate and the reactions? | The blue copper sulfate hydrate and the reaction can be reversed |
| One of the instructions for an experiment reads as follows. Quickly add 50cm³ of acid. What is the best piece of apparatus is use? | A measuring cylinder |
| What is a burette? | The burette measures the volume of liquid added in a titration. |
| A student measures the rate of two reactions. One reaction there is a change in mass of the reactants during the reaction. Second reaction there is a change in temperature during the reaction. Which piece of apparatus would be essential in both? | A Clock |
| A student was provided with only a thermometer, a stopwatch and a beaker. What could the student measure? | 25 degrees Celsius and 45 seconds |
| A student carries out an experiment to find how fast 3 cm pieces of magnesium ribbon dissolve in 10cm³ samples of sulfuric acid at different temperatures. Which piece of apparatus does the student not need? | Balance |
| A student takes 2 g samples of calcium carbonate and adds them to 20cm³ samples of dilute hydrochloride acid at different temperatures. She measures how long it takes for the effervescence to stop. Which apparatus does she use? | Balance, Clock, Measuring cylinder and Thermometer |
| During a reaction the following changes take place. The temperature rises and a gas is given off. Which apparatus is required to measure the rate of this reaction? | Gas syringe and stop clock |
| The results of some tests on a colourless liquid X are shown. Boiling point = 102°C and universal indicator turns green. What is liquid X? | Sodium chloride salt solution |
| A blue solid, X, is soluble in water. Which method is used to obtain pure solid X from an aqueous solution? | Crystalisation |
| Ethanol is made by fermentation. How is ethanol obtained from the fermentation mixture? | Fractional distillation |
| Alcohol and water are completely miscible. This means when mixed together they form only one liquid layer. Which method is used to separate alcohol from water? | Fractional distillation |
| Which two methods can be used to separate a salt from its solution in water? | Crystalisation and distillation |
| A mixture of sulfur and iron fillings needs to be separated. What are possible methods of separating the sulfur and iron fillings? | Using carbon disulfide and using a magnet |
| Which method is most suitable to obtain zinc carbonate from a suspension of zinc carbonate in water? | Filtration |
| Mixture 1 contains sand and water. Mixture 2 contains salt and water. Which method of separation could be used to obtain each of the required products from each mixture? | Mixture 1 - To obtain sand and water filtration Mixture 2 - To obtain salt Crystalisation and water distillation |
| A mixture of ethanol and methanol are separated by fractional distillation. The method of separation depends on a difference in property X of these two alcohols. What is property X? | Boiling point |
| A fruit drink coloured orange contains a dissolved mixture of red and yellow colouring agents. One of these colouring agents is suspected of being illegal. Which method could be used to show the presence of this illegal colouring agent? | Chromatography |
| A student carries out an experiment to prepare pure magnesium sulfate crystals. He adds magnesium carbonate until no more reacts. Which process should he use for the next stage? | Filtration |
| A student separates salt from a mixture of salt and sand. What is the correct order of steps for the student to take? | Shake with water Filter Evaporate |
| Describe how to separate Copper powder from a mixture containing copper and zinc powders? | Sodium and oxide to form calsium |
| An important aspect of chemistry is purity and methods of purify. Give an example of subtraction used in everyday life which must be pure | Foodstuff and drugs |
| Describe the technique used to separate water from see water? | Simple distillation |
| Describe the technique used to separate helium from a mixture of helium and methane? | Fractional distillation |
| Describe the technique used to separate ethanol from a mixture of ethanol and propanol? | Diffusion |
| Describe the technique used to separate iron fillings from a mixture of iron fillings and water? | Evaporation |
| Describe the technique used to separate a mixture of two amino acids, glycine and alanine? | Chromatography |
| Describe how you would obtain a pure sample of copper sulfate-5-water crystals from a mixture of copper sulfate-5-water with copper oxide using some of the techniques. | Dissolving Filtration Evaporation Crystalisation |
| What is the definition of a hydrocarbon? | A hydrocarbon is a compound which contains only carbon and hydrogen |
| Define the term fractional distilation? | Separate boiling point |
| Fractions obtained from petroleum. State a use for bitumen | Making roads and for water proofing |
| Fractions obtained from petroleum. State a use for lubricant fraction? | Waxes, vaseline to reducing friction |
| Fractions obtained from petroleum. State a use for paraffin fraction? | Jet fuel and for heating |
| Fractions obtained from petroleum. State a use for gasoline fraction? | Petrol or fuel for cars |
| Describe the technique used to separate butane from a mixture of propane and butane? | Diffusion |
| Describe the technique used to separate oxygen from liquid air | Fractional distillation |
| Describe the technique used to separate water from aqueous magnesium sulfate? | Simple distillation |
| Describe the technique used to separate potassium chloride from aqueous potassium chloride? | Crystallisation |
| Describe the technique used to separate silver chloride from a mixture of silver chloride and water? | Filtration |
| Describe the technique used to separate glucose from a mixture of glucose and maltose? | Chromatography |
| Describe the technique used to separate methane from a mixture of gases, methane and ethane? | Diffusion |
| Describe the technique used to separate water from aqueous magnesium sulfate? | Simple distillation |
| Describe the technique used to separate Glycine from a mixture of the amino acids, c\glycine and lysine? | Chromatograph |
| Describe the technique used to separate iron fillings from a mixture of iron fillings and water? | Filtration |
| Describe the technique used to separate zinc sulfate crystals from aqueous zinc sulfate? | Evaporation |
| Describe the technique used to separate hexane from a mixture of the liquids, hexane and octane? | Fractional distillation |
Created by:
Haridus Academy