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reproductive system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The seminiferous tubules contain two types of cells: | spermatogenic cells, and sustentacular cells |
| The process by which the seminiferous tubules of the testes produce sperm is called : | spermatogenisis |
| Which cells develop from primordial germ cells? | spermatogonia |
| After a sperm cell, or spermatozoon, has formed, it is released into where? | the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. |
| Which cells secrete testosterone, the most prevalent androgen? | interstitial cells |
| What hormone that promotes the development of masculine characteristics? | androgen |
| The condition in which the testes do not descend into the scrotum is called ? | cryptorchidism |
| Diploid cells (2n) have how many chromosomes? | 46 |
| haploid cells (n) have how many chromosomes? | 23 |
| The two cells formed by meiosis I are called: | secondary spermatocytes |
| The four haploid cells resulting from meiosis II are called: | spermatids |
| WHat is the development of haploid spermatids into sperm called? | spermiogenesis |
| The four haploid cells resulting from meiosis II are called? | spermatids |
| What is the development of haploid spermatids into sperm called? | spermiogenesis |
| each spermatid becomes a _______ | sperm cell |
| What is it called when sperm are released from their connections to sustentacular cells? | spermiation |
| What forms the microtubules that comprise the remainder of the tail of the sperm? | The centrioles |
| What is located in the middle piece of the sperm that provides the energy (ATP) for locomotion of sperm to the site of fertilization and for sperm metabolism? | mitochondria |
| At puberty certain hypothalamic neurosecretory cells increase their secretion of what? | GnRH |
| GnRH stimulates gonadotrophs in the anterior pituitary to increase their secretion of which two gonadotropins? | luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) |
| LH stimulates which cells to secrete the hormone testosterone? | interstitial cells |
| Which steroid hormone is synthesized from cholesterol in the testes and is the principal androgen? | testosterone |
| testosterone suppresses secretion of LH by: | anterior pituitary gonadotrophs |
| Testosterone suppresses secretion of GnRH by: | hypothalamic neurosecretory cells |
| The enzyme 5 alpha-reductase converts testosterone to another androgen called? | dihydrotestosterone (DHT) |
| FSH and testosterone act synergistically on the sustentacular cells to stimulate secretion of : | androgen-binding protein (ABP) |
| Once the degree of spermatogenesis required for male reproductive functions has been achieved, sustentacular cells release: | inhibin |
| What are traits that distinguish males and females but do not have a direct role in reproduction? | Secondary sex characteristics |
| What system regulates testosterone production? | A negative feedback system |
| When testosterone concentration in the blood increases to a certain level, it inhibits the release of GnRH by cells in the: | hypothalamus |
| What are the long, branching microvilli (not cilia) that increase the surface area for the reabsorption of degenerated sperm? | stereocilia |
| What is the process called by which sperm acquire motility and the ability to fertilize an ovum? | sperm maturation |
Created by:
rscott3