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MICROBIOLOGY
QUIZZES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WEEK 1) Which of the following foods is NOT made by fermentation? | Orange Juice |
| WEEK 1) Who is considered the 'father of Western medicine'? | Hippocrates |
| WEEK 1) Who was the first to observe "animalcules" under the microscope? | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek |
| WEEK 1) Who proposed that swamps might harbor tiny, disease-causing animals too small to see? | Marcus Terentius Varro |
| WEEK 1) Which is the following is a correct statement? Meningitis has several potential causes which included the following: | Bacteria, Fungi, Virus |
| WEEK 1) What is the major difference between a microorganism and a microbe? | SAME |
| WEEK 1) Which of the following is used to add color to microbes so they can be better observed under a microscope? | Stains and Dyes |
| WEEK 1) Which of the following provides nutrients, including water, to microorganisms so they can grow and produce? | Growth Media |
| WEEK 1) Why are Bunsen burners being phased out of use for modern science? | Safety Hazards |
| WEEK 1) What percentage of patients with bacterial meningitis will show bacteria in their CSF Gram stain? | 80% |
| WEEK 2) Archaea and bacteria are most similar in terms of their... | unicellular structure |
| WEEK 2) Which of the following is true of archaea that produce methane? | They live in the most extreme environments |
| WEEK 2) Which of the following is true of the bacterium Sulfolobus? | Belongs to the genus Archaea Optimal temperature ranges from 70 - 80 degrees celcius Optimal pH is 2-3 |
| WEEK 2) Which of the following is incorrect regarding Methanobrevibacter oralis? | It has a purple color when living in a pH environment below 2 |
| WEEK 2) Which of the following is incorrect regarding Methanobrevibacter oralis? | Methanobacteria Methanococci Methanomicrobia |
| WEEK 2) You encounter a lichen with leafy structures. Which term describes this lichen? | foliose |
| WEEK 2) Which of the following is the term for the outer layer of a lichen? | the cortex |
| WEEK 2) The fungus in a lichen is which of the following? | ascomycete |
| WEEK 2) Which of the following is a correct statement pertaining to cyanobacteria? | In some lichens, it can fix nitrogen and act as a mitrogen source in some environments |
| WEEK 2) Which of the following is a correct statement about ringworm? | Ringworm is a general term for a condition caused by multiple species Dermatophytes, which is related to ringworm, requires culturing Sabouraud's agar may be used if positive for dermatophytes |
| WEEK 3) Which of the following characteristics/compounds is not considered to be a phenotypic biochemical characteristic used of microbial identification? | Which of the following characteristics/compounds is not considered to be a phenotypic biochemical characteristic used of microbial identification? |
| WEEK 3) Proteomic analysis is a methodology that deals with which of the following? | the study of all accumulated proteins of an organism |
| WEEK 3) What method involves conversion of a microbe's lipids to volatile compounds for analysis by gas chromatography? | FAME |
| WEEK 3) Which method involves the analysis of membrane-bound carbohydrates? | Lancefield group testing |
| WEEK 3) What is the simplest form of carbohydrates? | monosaccharides |
| WEEK 3) Which of the following processes is not involved in the conversion of organic nitrogen to nitrogen gas? | nitrogen fixation |
| WEEK 3) The biogeochemical cycle of which of the following elements is based on changes in solubility rather than redox chemistry? | phosphorous |
| WEEK 3) Which of the following processes produces hydrogen sulfide? | anaerobic respiration |
| WEEK 3) What is the major difference between a autotroph and a heterotroph? | Heterotrophs rely on more complex carbon compounds Autotrophs convert inorganic carbon dioxide into organic carbon compounds Autotrophs provide heterotrophs nutrients |
| WEEK 3)What is included in the LAB (lactic acid bacteria) group? | Lactobacillus, Leuconostroc, Streptococcus |
| WEEK 4) EMB agar is a medium used in the identification and isolation of pathogenic bacteria. It contains digested meat proteins as a source of organic nutrients. Tow indicator dyes, eosin and methylene blue, inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria a | A selective medium, a differential medium, and a complex medium |
| WEEK 4) Haemophilus influenza must be grown on chocolate agar, which is blood agar treated with heat to release growth factors in the medium. H. influenza is describes as _______ | fastidious |
| WEEK 4) What is the basic definition of binary fission? | The most common mechanism of cell replication in a bacteria |
| WEEK 4) Which of the following is a true statement? | Obligate anaerobic bacteria must be grown under conditions devoid of oxygen |
| WEEK 4) Which of the following are considered neutrophils, bacteria that grow optimally at a pH within one or two pH units of the neutral pH of 7? | Ecsherichia coli Salmonella spp. Staphylococci |
| WEEK 4) Bacteria isolated from Lake Natron, where the water pH is close to 10, are which of the following? | Alkaliphiles |
| WEEK 4) In which environment are you most likely to encounter an acidophile? | a hot vent at pH 1.5 |
| WEEK 4) In which environment are you most likely to encounter a hyperthermophile? | hydrothermal vent at the bottom of the ocean |
| WEEK 4) A soup container was forgotten in the refrigerator and shows contamination. The contaminants are probably which of the following? | psychrotrophs |
| WEEK 4) Which of the following is the reason jams and dried meats often do not require refrigeration to prevent spoilage? | low water activity |
| WEEK 5) Which method did Morgan and Colleagues use to show that hereditary information was carried on chromosomes? | correlations between microscopic observations of chromosomal movement and the characteristics of offspring |
| WEEK 5) Which of the following elements is unique to nucleic acids compared with other macromolecules? | phosphorus |
| WEEK 5) Which of the following is not found in DNA? | amino acids |
| WEEK 5) During denaturation of DNA, which of the following happen? | Hydrogen bonds between complementary bases break |
| WEEK 5) Histones are DNA binding proteins that are important for DNA packaging in which of the following? | Eukaryotes and Archaea |
| WEEK 5) Which of the following components is involved in the initiation of transcription? | promoter |
| WEEK 5) Which of the following is a change in the sequence that leads to formation of a stop codon? | deletion mutation |
| WEEK 5) Which of the following is an example of a frameshift mutation? | deletion of one nucleotide |
| WEEK 5) Which of the following is the type of DNA repair in which thymine dimers are directly broken down by the enzyme photolyzase? | direct repair |
| WEEK 5) An operon of genes encoding enzymes in a biosynthetic pathway is likely to be which of the following? | repressible |
| WEEK 8) Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? | Food poisoning due to a preformed bacterial toxin in food |
| WEEK 8) A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? | contagious |
| WEEK 8) Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? | exposure, adhesion, invasion, infection |
| WEEK 8) Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? | degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes |
| WEEK 8) Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? | Plasmodium |
| WEEK 8) Which is the most common type of biological vector of human disease? | arthropods |
| WEEK 8) A mosquito bites a person who subsequently develops a fever and abdominal rash. What type of transmission would this be? | biological vector transmission |
| WEEK 8) A blanket from a child with chickenpox is likely to be contaminated with the virus that causes chickenpox (Varicella-zoster virus). What is the blanket called? | fomite |
| WEEK 8) Which of the following would NOT be considered an emerging disease? | Tuberculosis |
| WEEK 8) Why are emerging diseases with very few cases the focus of intense scrutiny? | They are increasing and therefore not controlled |
| WEEK 6) Which technique is used to separate protein fragments based on size? | Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
| WEEK 6) The science of studying genomic fragments from microbial communities, allowing researchers to study genes from a collection of multiple species, is called: | metagenomics |
| WEEK 6) The insulin produced by recombinant DNA technology is | identical to human insulin produced in the pancreas |
| WEEK 6) At what point can the FDA halt the development or use of gene therapy? | All of the answers are correct: on submission of an IND application during clinical trials after manufacturing and marketing of the approved therapy |
| WEEK 6) Which of the following best describes a microbial control protocol that inhibits the growth of molds and yeasts? | fungistatic |
| WEEK 6) Which of the following types of medical items requires sterilization? | needles |
| WEEK 6) Which of the following microbial control methods does not actually kill microbes or inhibit their growth but instead removes them physically from samples? | filtration |
| WEEK 6) Which chemical disinfectant works by methylating enzymes and nucleic acids and is known for being toxic and carcinogenic? | formaldehyde |
| WEEK 6) Which of the following refers to a germicide that can kill vegetative cells and certain enveloped viruses but not endospores? | low-level germicide |
| WEEK 6) Which type of test is used to determine whether disinfectant solutions actively used in a clinical setting are being used correctly? | in-use test |
| WEEK 7) According to Beadle and Tatum's "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis, which of the following enzymes will eliminate the transformation of hereditary material from pathogenic bacteria to nonpathogenic bacteria? | deoxyribonucleases |
| WEEK 7) Which of the of following is not found within DNA? | amino acids |
| WEEK 7) Which of the following may use RNA as its genome? | a virus |
| WEEK 7) Histones are DNA binding proteins that are important for DNA packaging in which of the following? | eukaryotes and archaea |
| WEEK 7) Which of the following is suitable for use on tissues for microbial control to prevent infection? | antiseptic |
| WEEK 7) Which of the following terms is used to describe the time required to kill all of the microbes within a sample at a given temperature? | thermal death time |
| WEEK 7) The effectiveness of chemical disinfectants has historically been compared to that of which of the following? | phenol |
| WEEK 7) Why was the alga Acetabularia a good model organism for Joachim Hammerling to use to identify the location of genetic material? | It is a large, asymmetical, single cell easy to see with the naked eye |
| WEEK 7) If 30% of the bases within a DNA molecule are adenine, what is the percentage of thymine? | 30% |
| WEEK 7) A nucleic acid is purified from a mixture. The molecules are relatively small, contain uracil, and most are covalently bound to an amino acid. Which of the following was purified? | tRNA |
| WEEK 8) Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? | Food poisoning due to a preformed bacterial toxin in food |
| WEEK 8) A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? | contagious |
| WEEK 8) Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? | exposure, adhesion, invasion, infection |
| WEEK 8) Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? | degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes |
| WEEK 8) Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? | Plasmodium |
| WEEK 8) Which is the most common type of biological vector of human disease? | arthropods |
| WEEK 8) A mosquito bites a person who subsequently develops a fever and abdominal rash. What type of transmission would this be? | biological vector transmission |
| WEEK 8) A blanket from a child with chickenpox is likely to be contaminated with the virus that causes chickenpox (Varicella-zoster virus). What is the blanket called? | fomite |
| WEEK 8) Which of the following would NOT be considered an emerging disease? | Tuberculosis |
| WEEK 8) Why are emerging diseases with very few cases the focus of intense scrutiny? | They are increasing and therefore not controlled |
| WEEK 9) Which of the following constantly sheds dead cells along with any microbes that may be attached to those cells? | Epidermis |
| WEEK 9) Secretion that bathe and moisten the interior of the intestines are produced by ____cells? | Goblet |
| WEEK 9) Which of the following chemical mediators is secreted onto the surface of the skin? | sebum |
| WEEK 9) PAMPS would be found on the surface of which of the following? | pathogen |
| WEEK 9) What type of inflammation occurs at the site of an injury or infection? | acute |
| WEEK 9) A single antigen molecule may be composed of many individual _______. | epitopes |
| WEEK 9) What type of antigen presenting molecule is found on all nucleating cells? | MHC I |
| WEEK 9) A _____ molecule is a glycoprotein used to identify and distinguish white blood cells. | cluster of differentiation |
| WEEK 9) Which of the following would be a T dependent antigen? | protein |
| WEEK 9) A patient is bitten by a dog with a confirmed rabies infection. After treating the bite wound, the physician injects the patient with antibodies that are specific to the rabies virus to prevent the development of an active infection. Example: | artificial passive immunity |
| WEEK 10) Cellular adaptive immunity is carried out by ______. | T cells |
| WEEK 10) Which class of molecules is the most antigenic? | proteins |
| WEEK 10) MHC II molecules present | processed foreign antigens from phagolysosomes |
| WEEK 10) Which type of antigen-presenting molecule is found on all nucleated cells? | MHC I |
| WEEK 10) Cytotoxic T cells will bind with their TCR to which of the following? | antigens presented with MHC I molecules |
| WEEK 10) Name the T helper cell subset involved in antibody production. | TH2 |
| WEEK 10) Which of the following does not occur during the lag period of the primary antibody response? | class switching to IgG |
| WEEK 10) Which of the following would be a T-dependent antigen? | protein |
| WEEK 10)A patient gets a cold, and recovers a few days later. The patient's classmates come down with the same cold roughly a week later, but the original patient does not get the same cold again. This is an example of: | Natural active immunity |
| WEEK 10) Which of the following best describes Tetanus toxin molecules that are harvested and chemically treated to render them harmless. They are then injected into a patient’s arm. | live attenuated vaccine |
| WEEK 11) Inflammatory molecules are released by mast cells in type I hypersensitivities; type II hypersensitivities, however, are characterized by which of the following? | cell lysis (cytotoxicity) |
| WEEK 11) Which of the following is a common treatment for type III hypersensitivity reactions? | anti-inflammatory steroid treatments |
| WEEK 11) Which of the following is an example of an organ-specific autoimmune disease? | Addison disease |
| WEEK 11) Which of the following is an example of a systemic autoimmune disease? | myasthenia gravis |
| WEEK 11) Which of the following is a genetic disease that results in lack of production of antibodies? | agammaglobulinemia |
| WEEK 11) Which of the following is a genetic disease that results in almost no adaptive immunity due to lack of B and/ or T cells? | severe combined immunodeficiency |
| WEEK 11) All but which one of the following are examples of secondary immunodeficiencies? | chronic granulomatous disease |
| WEEK 11) Cancer results when a mutation leads to which of the following? | loss of cell-cycle control |
| WEEK 11) Tumor antigens are ________ that are inappropriately expressed and found on abnormal cells. | self antigens |
| WEEK 11) A ________ cancer vaccine is one that stops the disease from occurring in the first place. | preventative |
| WEEK 12) she finds that this antimicrobial drug can now also kill gram-positive bacteria. The new antimicrobial drug with broad-spectrum activity is considered to be which of the following? | semisynthetic |
| WEEK 12) Which of the following antimicrobial drugs is synthetic? | sulfanilamide |
| WEEK 12) Which of the following routes of administration would be appropriate and convenient for home administration of an antimicrobial to treat a systemic infection? | oral |
| WEEK 12) Which clinical situation would be appropriate for treatment with a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial drug? | treatment of strep throat caused by culture identified Streptococcus pyogenes |
| WEEK 12) Which of the following terms refers to the ability of an antimicrobial drug to harm the target microbe without harming the host? | selective toxicity |
| WEEK 12) Which of the following antimicrobials inhibits the activity of DNA gyrase? | nalidixic acid |
| WEEK 12) Which of the following is a nucleoside analog commonly used as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor in the treatment of HIV? | azidothymidine |
| WEEK 12) Which of the following types of drug-resistant bacteria do not typically persist in individuals as a member of their intestinal microbiota? | MRSA |
| WEEK 12) Which of the following techniques cannot be used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of an antimicrobial drug against a particular microbe? | Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test |
| WEEK 12) Which of the following has yielded compounds with the most antimicrobial activity? | soil |
| WEEK 13) Which layer of skin contains living cells, is vascularized, and lies directly above the hypodermis | the dermis |
| WEEK 13) Staphylococcus aureus is most often associated with being | coagulase-positive |
| WEEK 13) Which disease is usually self-limiting but is most commonly treated with ganciclovir if medical treatment is needed? | roseola |
| WEEK 13) For what purpose would a health-care professional use a Wood’s lamp for a suspected case of ringworm? | to visualize the fungus |
| WEEK 13) A patient tests positive for Loa loa antibodies. What does this test indicate? | The individual was exposed to Loa loa at some point. |
| WEEK 13) Which of these correctly orders the structures through which air passes during inhalation? | pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi |
| WEEK 13) Which microbial virulence factor is most important for attachment to host respiratory tissues? | adhesins |
| WEEK 13) What is the causative agent of Q fever? | Coxiella burnetii |
| WEEK 13) Which of the following diseases is not associated with coronavirus infections? | German measles |
| WEEK 13) Which of the following is caused by infections by bread molds? | mucormycosis |
| WEEK 14) What part of the male urogenital tract is shared by the urinary and reproductive systems? | the urethra |
| WEEK 14) A strain of bacteria associated with a bladder infection shows gram-negative rods. What species is most likely to be the causative agent? | Escherichia coli |
| WEEK 14) The latent stage of syphilis, which may last for years, can occur between | the secondary and tertiary stages |
| WEEK 14) Genital herpes is most commonly caused by | herpes simplex virus 2 |
| WEEK 14) Which oral medication is recommended as an initial topical treatment for genital yeast infections? | miconazole |
| WEEK 14) What is the only common infection of the reproductive tract caused by a protozoan? | trichomoniasis |
| WEEK 14) In mumps, what glands swell to produce the disease’s characteristic appearance? | the parotid glands |
| WEEK 14) Which type of bacterium produces an A-B toxin? | Vibrio cholera |
| WEEK 14) Which form of hepatitisvirus can only infect an individual who is already infected with another hepatitisvirus? | HDV |
| WEEK 14) Which type of helminth infection can be diagnosed using tape? | pinworm |
Created by:
paolamoyaa