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Wills econ
Term Sheet 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fiscal Policy | he means by which a government adjusts its spending levels and tax rates to monitor and influence a nation's economy. |
| Federal Budget | the government's estimate of revenue and spending for each fiscal year. |
| Fiscal Year | a one-year period that companies and governments use for financial reporting and budgeting. |
| Appropriations Bills | a proposed law that authorizes the expenditure of government funds. It is a bill that sets money aside for specific spending.[1] In most democracies, approval of the legislature is necessary for the government to spend money. |
| Expansionary Policy | when a central bank uses its tools to stimulate the economy. |
| Contractionary Policy | monetary measure referring either to a reduction in government spending—particularly deficit spending—or a reduction in the rate of monetary expansion by a central bank. I |
| Classical Economics | Self-regulating democracies and capitalistic market developments form the basis for classical economics |
| Demand side Economics | a macroeconomic theory which maintains that economic growth and full employment are most effectively created by high demand for products and services. According to demand-side economics, output is determined by effective demand. |
| Keynesian Economics | macroeconomic theories about how in the short run – and especially during recessions – economic output is strongly influenced by aggregate demand. |
| Supply Side Economics | macroeconomic theory arguing that economic growth can be most effectively created by lowering taxes and decreasing regulation, by which it is directly opposed to demand-side economics. |
| Deficit Spending | annual government spending in excess of taxes and other revenues |
| Budget Surplus | a positive balance after expenditures are subtracted from revenues |
| Budget Deficit | a negative balance after expenditures are subtracted from revenues |
| Treasury Bills, Notes, and Bonds | marketable securities the U.S. government sells in order to pay off maturing debt and to raise the cash needed to run the federal government. |
| National Debt | total amount borrowed from investors to finance the government's deficit spending |
| Money Creation | he process by which money enters into circulation |
| Required Reserve Ratio | The minimum fraction of deposits banks are required by law to keep as reserves |
| Discount Rate | The interest rate the federal reserve charges on discount loans |
| Federal Funds Rate | the rate of interest that banks charge one another on overnight loans made from temporary excess reserves. |
| Prime Rate | rate of interest banks charge on short-term loans to their best customers |
| Open Market Operations | an activity by a central bank to give (or take) liquidity in its currency to (or from) a bank or a group of banks |
| Security | a certificate or other financial instrument that has monetary value and can be traded. |
| Easy/Loose Money Policy | Search Results Featured snippet from the web In a loose money policy, borrowing is easy, consumers buy more, businesses expand, more people are employed, and people spend more |
| Tight Money Policy | Monetary policy that makes credit expensive and in short supply in an effort to slow the economy. |
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