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Elliott 8th Vocab

End of year vocabulary review

TermDefinition
absolute value The distance of a number from zero on a number line
circumference The distance around a circle
coefficient The number that is in front of the variable in an algebraic expression
complementary Two or more angles whose measures add up to 90 degrees
compound Interest earned or paid on the principal and previously earned or paid interest
cone A 3-D figure with one vertex and one circular base
congruent Having the same size and shape
correlation The description of the relationship between two data sets
corresponding A pair of angles that lie on the same side of the transversal and on the same sides of the other two parallel lines
cylinder A 3-D figure with two parallel, congruent circular bases connected by a curved lateral surface
degree The unit of measure for angles and temperature
diameter A line segment that passes through the center of a circle and has endpoints on the circle
dilation A transformation that enlarges or reduces a figure
direct variation A linear relationship between two variables that can be written in the form y=kx
function A relationship that has exactly one output(y) for each input (x)
hypotenuse The largest side in a right triangle
integers The set of whole numbers and their opposites
interest Money earned by saving/investing or money charged for borrowing
irrational A number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers or as a repeating/terminating decimal
mean The sum of a set of data divided by the number of items in the data set
negative This type of correlation is where one set of date values increases while the other decreases
obtuse An angle whose measure is greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees
ordered pair A pair of numbers that can be used to locate a point on a coordinate plane
origin The point where the x-axis and y-axis intersect on a coordinate plane
perpendicular Lines that intersect to form right angles
pre-image The original figure in a transformation
principal Initial amount of money borrowed or saved
prism A 3-D figure with 2 congruent polygon bases and all remaining sides are parallelograms
real The set of numbers that includes rational and irrational
reflection A transformation of a figure that flips the figure across a line
rotation A transformation in which a figure is turned around a point
same side interior A pair of angles on the same side of the transversal and between(inside) the parallel lines
similar Shapes that have the same shape but different sizes
slope A measure of the steepness of a line on a graph
surface area The sum of the areas of the faces of a 3-D figure
system A set of two or more equations with two or more variables
translation A transformation in which a figure is moved along a straight line
vertical A pair of opposite congruent angles formed by intersecting lines
volume The number of cubic units needed to fill a given space
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