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Physics C9:Work
Physics Chapter 9: Work and Energy Coach Leach
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Energy | A property of a system that gives it the ability to do work |
| Work | The energy transferred to or from a system as a force acts on it through a displacement |
| Joule | The derived SI unit of energy, work, and heat |
| Equilibrium position | The rest position of a system |
| Hooke’s law | Within the elastic limit of a material, the displacement of the system from its equilibrium position is directly proportional to the applied force. |
| Spring constant | The proportionality constant in Hooke’s law for springs that allows equating the force exerted by a stretched or compressed spring to the displacement from its rest position |
| Ideal spring | A hypothetical spring that has no internal resistance, has no mass, and perfectly obeys Hooke’s law |
| Hooke’s law of force | Any varying force exerted on or by a system that obeys Hooke’s law |
| Power | The time rate at which work is performed |
| Watt | The derived SI unit of power |
| Kinetic energy | The mechanical energy possessed by a moving system |
| Work-energy theorem | The work done on a system by all external forces is equal to the change in the system’s kinetic energy. |
| Potential energy | Mechanical energy that an object possesses because of its position or condition with respect to a conservative force |
| Conservative force | A force that can convert kinetic energy to potential energy and vice versa without loss |
| Nonconservative force | Any force that when exerted on an object over a closed path produces non-zero work; Similarly, the amount of work done on an object with respect to such a force depends on the path taken. |
| Field | A physical property of space that can be quantified at every point in a volume by a physical law relating such quantities as distance, force, flux, or flux density |
| Gravitational potential | Gravitational potential energy per unit mass at a specific height or distance from the source of gravity |
| Elastic potential energy | Energy possessed by a system due to its position or condition with respect to an elastic force |
| Total mechanical energy | The sum of the potential and kinetic energies of a system |
| Conservation of mechanical energy | Kinetic and potential energies of a system are conserved unless it is acted on by external nonconservative force |
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CoachLeach
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