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A&P Ch 26
Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of following processes is the primary function of the mouth? | Ingestion |
| The capability of the GI tract to move material along its length is called | Motility |
| Which layer of the GI tract consists of areolar connective tissue that binds the mucosa to the muscularis? | Submucosa |
| This plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the muscularis to control the frequency and strength of its contractions. | Myenteric plexus |
| This portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine. | Greater omentum |
| What is role of the uvula? | To move upward during swallowing to prevent food and liquid from entering the nasal cavity |
| What are the tooth sockets in the mouth lined with? | Periodontal ligament |
| Which of the following layers in the superior wall of the esophagus contains skeletal muscle? | Muscularis |
| How many stages of deglutition are there? | 3 |
| What secretes hydrochloric acid? | Parietal cells |
| This cell in the wall of the stomach secretes the hormone gastrin. | G cell |
| This major duct carries a fluid rich in bicarbonate ions into the small intestines. | Pancreatic duct |
| Functions of the liver? | Processing of drugs and hormones, Carbohydrate metabolism, Protein metabolism |
| About how long are the small intestines in a living person? | 10 feet |
| How many sections are there in the small intestines? | 3 |
| What is the primary role of the small intestines? | Absorption of nutrients |
| What is the role of the duodenal glands? | Secrete an alkaline mucous |
| What is a lacteal? | A lymphatic capillary in a villus of the small intestine |
| Enzymes that complete protein digestion in the small intestines? | Peptidases |
| Primary function of the large intestine? | Bacterial digestion of remaining carbohydrates, Water absorption, Feces formation |
| Which of following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system? | Mixing and propulsion |
| Which of following processes is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine? | Absorption |
| How many layers of tissue are there in the wall of the GI tract? | 4 |
| From inside out, how are the layers of tissue in the wall of the GI tract arranged? | Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa |
| This is the areolar connective tissue of the mucosa. | Lamina propria |
| This layer functions by secreting a lubricating fluid. | Serosa |
| This portion of the peritoneum attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm. | Falciform ligament |
| Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid to soften food? | Salivary glands |
| Which teeth crush and grind food? | Molars |
| What are folds in the mucosa of an empty stomach called? | Rugae |
| This digestive aid, produced by the stomach, begins digestion by denaturing proteins. | Hydrochloric acid |
| What is the name of the product produced after food is mixed with gastric juices? | Chyme |
| What pancreatic enzymes digests triglycerides? | Lipase |
| What is the second largest organ of the body after skin. | Liver |
| Where is bile produced to emulsify dietary fats? | Liver |
| What is the principle bile pigment? | Bilirubin |
| Which of the following accessory organs stores bile? | Gallbladder |
| Which of the following small intestine cells secrete secretin, CCK and GIP? | Endocrine cells |
| Which of the following enzymes breaks down a disaccharide to produce a molecule of glucose and a molecule of fructose? | Sucrase |
| Which structure regulates the flow of material into the colon? | Ileocecal sphincter |
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