Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nervous & Digestive
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the plexus from which the nerves of the arm originate | Brachial plexus |
| List 3 accessory organs of digestion | • Liver • pancreas • Gall bladder |
| Name the three structures that form the neuron | • Cell body • Dendrites • Axon |
| Name the components of the central nervous system | • Brain • Spinal cord |
| Name the primary function of the Nervous system | Coordination and communication of all body functions |
| Meningitis | Inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord due a viral or bacterial infection |
| Identify 3 protective structures for the brain and spinal cord | • Skull/cranium • Meninges • Vertebral column |
| Gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the stomach and intestine |
| Name the primary function of the Digestive system | • Ingestion • Digestion • Absorption • elimination |
| Bile is stored in the | gallbladder |
| Which body system: Pancreatitis | Digestive system |
| Which body system: Cirrhosis | Digestive system |
| List the functions of the liver | *Process the nutrients absorbed from the intestines *Produce bile *Stores vit A, D, E, K and iron *Detoxifies potentially harmful chemicals *Breaks down old red blood cells Convert old red blood cells to bile pigment *Stores glycogen |
| The spinal cavity is enclosed and protected by 3 layers of connective tissue called the | meninges |
| The fundamental units of the nervous system are the | neurons |
| What is the main functions of the meninges | Protection of brain and spinal cord |
| Name the main structures of the brain | Cerebrum Cerebellum Brainstem |
| Definition of Bipolar disorder | an individual experiences mood swings from high to low |
| Definition of Meningitis | inflammation of the membranes of the brain and spinal cord |
| Definition of Headache | pain in any region of the head |
| Definition of Peptic ulcer | is a sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum |
| Definition of Gastritis | inflammation of the stomach lining |
| Which body system: Pancreatitis | Digestive system |
| Which body system: Cirrhosis | Digestive system |
| Which body system: Meningitis | Nervous system |
| Which body system: Epilepsy | Nervous system |
| Which body system: Encephalitis | Nervous system |
| Which body system: Alzheimers | Nervous system |
| Name the tests for Digestive system disorders | •Gastric analysis •Occult blood •O&P •S-gastrin analysis •Ammonia •Amylase •bili •CEA •Ca19-9 •Cholesterol •Complete blood count •Glucose •Glucose tolerance test •Lipase •Triglycerides •LFT •Hepatitis A, B and C |
| O&P | Ova and parasites |
| CEA | Carcinoembryonic antigen |
| CBC | Complete blood count |
| GTT | Glucose tolerance test |
| Name the main components of the nervous system. | • Brain • Spinal cord • Nerves • Neurons |
| Name the 2 main divisions of the nervous system AND the components of each of the two divisions | • Central nervous system – brain & spinal cord • Peripheral nervous system – all nerves outside the spinal cord |
| Describe the functions of the digestive system. | • Take in food (ingestion) • Break food down (digestion) • Absorbs nutrients (absorption) • Gets rid of waste (elimination) |
| Shingles | painful condition caused by the chicken-pox virus, varicella-zoster. The skin blisters along the course of a nerve. |
| What is the function of bile? | Aids in the breakdown of fats |
| Name the 3 main nerves found in the antecubital fossa | • Median nerve • Ulnar nerve • radial nerve |
| Substances that can be absorbed by the stomach | Alcohol water some drugs |
| Name the medical procedure to remove cerebrospinal fluid from the body | Lumbar puncture |
| Encephalitis | inflammation of the brain |
| Cholecystitis | Inflammation of the gall bladder |
| Which laboratory test is done to diagnose Meningitis? | • Analysis of the Cerebospinal fluid |
| Gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the stomach and intestine |
| Name a test that may be used to monitor therapeutic drug monitoring for epilepsy | Phenytoin levels Valproate levels |
| Diverticulosis | Pouches in the wall of the colon |
| Where in the digestive system does mechanical digestion begin? | The mouth |
| Explain the role the large intestine plays in digestion? | • Absorbs water, • Forms faeces • Eliminates faeces |
| In which part of the digestive system does most of the absorption of the digested molecules take place? | Small intestine |
| This muscular valve prevents gastric juices from flowing back out of the stomach and into the oesophagus | Cardiac sphincter |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
| CVA | Cerebrovascular Accident |
| EEG | Electroencephalogram |
| LP | Lumbar Puncture |
| MS | Multiple Sclerosis |
| The common bile duct delivers bile from the ____ to the _____ | gall bladder, duodenum |
| If a doctor suspects a patient may have pancreatitis, he may ask the laboratory to do blood tests for two pancreatic enzymes. Name these two common laboratory tests | • Amylase • Lipase |
| The doctor ordered ALT, AST, GGT and alkaline phosphatase blood tests. He is checking the function of one of the accessory organs of digestion. Name the organ | Liver |
| Name the blood test that checks if you have sufficient immunity against the Hepatitis B virus. | • Hep B surface Abs |
| A C-urea breath test may assist the doctor to diagnose: | Helicobacter Pylori |
| Cholecystectomy | Surgical removal of the gall bladder |
| Gastroscopy/Endoscopy | Visual examination of the lining of the stomach by inserting a fibre optic endoscope via the oesophagus |
| Sphincter | Ring shaped muscle which contracts to close an orifice |
| Jaundice | A yellow discolouration of the skin and conjunctiva, due to the presence of bile pigment in the blood |
| Peristalsis | Wave-like muscular contractions to propel material through the digestive tract |
| Diarrhoea | Frequent discharge of loose, watery stools / faecal matter from the bowels |
| Dysentery | An infectious disease characterized by diarrhoea with blood and mucous in the stools |
| Ascites | The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity causing the abdomen to swell |
| Name the main function of bile and name the organ that stores the bile | • Aids in the breakdown of fats • In the gall bladder |
| Appendicitis | Inflammation of the appendix |
| Hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver |
| The doctor requested amylase and lipase enzyme tests on his patient. Name the digestive organ which secretes these enzymes | Pancreas |
| Why would the test helicobacter-pylori be ordered? | To diagnose gastric ulcer |
| How many pairs of nerves originate from the spinal column? | 31 pairs |
| Name the test requested for central nervous system syphilis | RPR – Rapid plasma reagin |
| The peripheral nervous system consists of: | all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord |
| Name the part of the brain that: Contains the vital centres e.g. the cardiac centre, the vasomotor centre, the respiratory centre, the reflex centres of coughing, sneezing, vomiting and swallowing | The brain stem |
| What is the main parts of the brain | • Cerebrum • Cerebellum • Brain stem |
| Name the part of the brain that: Is concerned with balance of the body | The cerebellum |
| Name the part of the brain that: Is responsible for the higher functions of the body such as memory and intelligence | The cerebrum |
| What is the medical term for when a patient suffers from a recurrent pattern of seizures? | Epilepsy |
| Describe the function of the motor (efferent) division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) | Carry impulses from the CNS to organs, glands and muscles |
| Neuralgia | Severe pain along a nerve |
| Parkinson’s Disease | A disease in which the nerves responsible for movement degenerate. It occurs more commonly among the elderly. Tremors, stiffness of joints, slow movement and unblinking eyes may be experienced |
| Multiple Sclerosis | Progressive attack on the myelin sheath surrounding the CNS neurons resulting in muscular weakness, poor co-ordination. Paralysis may occur |
| RPR | Rapid plasma reagin |
| PNS | Peripheral nervous system |
| T 2 | Thoracic vertebrae number 2 |
| The branch of medicine specializing in disorders of the digestive system | Gastroenterology |
| Organs of the GIT | 1. Mouth – lips, teeth, tongue, 2. Pharynx 3. Oesophagus 4. Stomach 5. Small Intestine 6. Large intestine to anus |
| Saliva contains the enzyme __________ which acts on cooked starch | ptyalin |
| Alimentary canal / tract | Digestive tract |
| Amino Acids | Building blocks for proteins |
| Aperient | Laxative |
| Appendectomy | Surgical removal of the appendix |
| Orifice | An opening in the body |
| Masticate | To chew |
| Nausea | Unpleasant sensation of sickness producing the urge to vomit |
| Hernia | Protrusion of an organ through the structures enclosing it |
| Colonoscopy | Procedure used to inspect the lining of the colon for polyps, tumours and other abnormal lesions by which a fibre optic endoscope is inserted via the rectum |
| Cirrhosis | Chronic inflammation resulting in degeneration of the liver cells. |
| Enteric | Pertaining to the intestinal tract |
| Colitis | Inflammation of the colon |
| Diverticulitis | Inflammation in the diverticulum (a pouch of pocket in the lining of a hollow organ e.g. in the walls of the colon) |
| Emesis | Vomiting |
| Pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas |
| Peritonitis | Inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity |
| Clinical correlation of: C-urea breath test | To detect Helicobacter pylori |
| Clinical correlation of: Faecal fat | To detect and measure excess fat in the stool; to help diagnose conditions causing mal-absorption |
| Clinical correlation of: Stool for occult blood | To detect gastric bleeding |
| Clinical correlation of: Stool for ova and parasites | Examination of stool for parasites and their eggs |
| Clinical correlation of: guaiac test | To detect gastric bleeding |
| Clinical correlation of: Liver enzymes | Liver disease |
| Clinical correlation of: Serum gastrin levels | Assist diagnose malignancy |
| Clinical correlation of: Ammonia | Liver disease |
| Clinical correlation of: Glucose & glucose tolerance tests (GTT) | Diabetes |
| Clinical correlation of: Lipase | Pancreatitis |
| Clinical correlation of: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) | Carcinoma detection and monitoring |
| Clinical correlation of: Beta carotene | To determine beta carotene levels necessary for Vit A absorbtion |
| Clinical correlation of: Bilirubin | Liver disease or biliary obstruction |
| Clinical correlation of: Amylase | Pancreatitis |
| AST | Aspartate aminotransferase |
| ALT | Alanine aminotransferase |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| GGT | Gamma-Glutamyltransferase |
| CEA | Carcinoembryonic antigen |
| HBsAg | Hepatitis B surface antigen |
| O&P | ova and parasites |
| Synapse | The point at which an impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another |
| CNS | Central Nervous System |
| Stroke (Cerebro-vascular Accident)(CVA) | A blockage or haemorrhage of a cerebral blood vessel causes damage to the brain from lack of oxygen to the brain tissue. |
| Parkinson’s Disease | A disease in which the nerves responsible for movement degenerate. It occurs more commonly among the elderly. Tremors, stiffness of joints, slow movement and unblinking eyes may be experienced |
| Clinical correlation of: Cerebrospinal Fluid | Neurological disorders or meningitis |
| Clinical correlation of: Anticonvulsant drug levels e.g. dilantin (phenytoin) | Epilepsy |
| Alzheimer’s Disease | Pre-senile dementia characterised by memory loss, anxiety and confusion |
| Epilepsy | Recurrent pattern of seizures (convulsions) They may be a mild alteration of consciousness (petitmal) or severe convulsions (grandmal). Patients are treated with anti-epileptic drugs such as Phenytoin (Epanutin) |
| Clinical correlation of: RPR (Rapid plasma reagin) | Central Nervous System Syphilis |
| Clinical correlation of: Cholinesterase | Tests for enzyme critical for the transmission of nerve impulses |
| Clinical correlation of: Serotonin | Tests for enzyme critical for the transmission of nerve impulses |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Lou Gehrig’s disease) | A disease involving muscles weakness and atrophy resulting from degeneration of portions of the brain and spinal cord |
| RPR | Rapid plasma reagin |
| Clinical correlation of: VDRL (Veneral Disease Research Labortory) | Central Nervous System Syphilis |
| VDRL | Veneral Disease Research Labortory |
Created by:
cisca