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Psych Quiz #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Receiving stimuli from the external environment and transforming those energies into neutral energies | Sensation |
| Action potential that sends information through the nervous system to the brain | Transduction |
| Brain processes and organizes sensations to give it all meaning | Perception |
| The cells that detect stimuli from the environment and transmit it to the brain(afferent nerves) | Sensory receptors |
| The minimum amount of stimulus energy that a person can detect (ex. moving away from a ticking clock) | Absolute threshold |
| The degree of difference that must exist between two stimuli before the difference is detected | Difference threshold |
| Thresholds for the Five Senses is also known as | Weber's Law |
| States that "two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount) to be perceived as different." | Weber's Law |
| Sensory receptors register info and send it UP to the brain for processing | Bottom-Up Processing |
| Start with our own sense of something that is happening and then apply this DOWN to out own framework of the world | Top-Down Processing |
| Located behind the iris. If you look at something from far away, this flattens. You can focus on something in the distance. When it is up close this will thicken so you can focus. Weakens with age | Lens |
| This contains the rods and cones with allows the sensation of light waves into the eye | Retina |
| These are the receptors in the retina that are sensitive to light but not color; they detect low levels of light | Rods |
| These are sensitive to color. They are sensitive to different, but overlapping wavelength ranges | Cones |
| Theory that states that color perception is produced by 3 types of receptors that are sensitive to different but overlapping wavelengths. The three cone receptors are red, green, and blue | Trichromatic Theory |
| People, mostly men, who are color blind only have two types of receptors and they are called this | Dichromats |
| The color of the paint (which is the pigment that you see) is determined by the wavelengths of the pigment chemicals does not absorb. | Subtractive color mixing |
| Ewald Hering wanted us to understand why we see after images. We have four color receptor cones that are organized into complementary pairs. If you look long enough, the red becomes green, and blue becomes yellow) | Opponent-process theory |
| This is when we see the world with two eyes. | Depth-perception |
| Cues about the depth that depend on the combo of the images in the left and right eyes and the way they both worth together. | Binocular cues |
| A binocular cue where the muscles in your eyes will help you "see" how close and/or how far something is away from you. | Convergence |
| Available from the image in one eye, either right or left | Monocular cues |
| We know distance from our world experience on this earth | Familiar size |
| As parallel lines recede into the distance they seem to converge | Linear perspective |
| Texture becomes denser and finer the farther away it is from the viewer. | Texture gradation |
| What psychology does perceptual illusions come from? | Gestalt Psych. |
| Psychology interested in how people organize their perceptions according to patterns. | Gestalt Psych. |
| Organize the perceptual field into stimuli that stand out (foreground) and those that are left over (in the background) vase/face image | Figure-ground |
| Objects grouped together see as a whole (3 triangle corners make one triangle) | Closure |
| Objects near each other are grouped together | Proximity |
| When two lines are the same length but have the illusion of being different lengths | Muller-Lyer illusion |
| This is the way that we expect to see something in an "expected" way. Interpretation can occur even before we are presented with the stimulus (top-down processing). | Perceptual set |
| The recognition that objects are constant and unchanging even though sensory input about them is changing (ex. knowing the walls are blue but then turn lights off and still know they are blue) | Perceptual constancy |
| A change in the responsiveness of the sensory system based on the average level of surrounding stimulation (ex. turning on the lights when you are sleeping) | Sensory adaptation |
| Effect where you focus in on one person in a crowded room of people where there is a lot of noise | Cocktail party effect |
| Automatic perception where it is difficult to name the colors in which words are printed when the word names are different colors | Stroop effect |
| Decision making based on uncertainty (saying someone is prego and they are not) | Signal detection theory |
| A membrane stretched tightly across the auditory canal; vibrates when sound reaches it | Eardrum |
| This vibrates the membrane that stimulates the hair cells. | Cochlea |
| These detect sounds waves and transduce into signals that process in the brain as sound | Hair cells |
| The sounds shadow is also known as this. It is caused by your own head. The sound is to your left then your left ear experiences the greatest intensity, while the right ear experiences less intensity. | Localization |
| Rounded bumps on your tongue that contain your taste buds. We have approx. 10,000 taste buds. | Papillae |
| This is the lining of the nasal cavity that contains a sheet of receptor cells for smell (located below the frontal lobes) | Olfactory epithelium |
| Sensory nerve endings under the skin that detect temperature changes... they provide input in order to keep the body at 98.6F | Thoermoreceptors |
| Sensation that warns us when there is damage to the body. | Pain |
| Axons are myelinated. Feel pain faster | Fast fibers |
| We do have some axons without myelination and without this insulation some of the pain signal can leak out resulting in a more dulled pain | Slow fibers |
Created by:
skyler.caruso1