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SACE Polynomials
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| polynomial | an expression made of a number of terms with a variable raised to different powers |
| variable | a letter in a polynomial eg. x |
| coefficient | the number in front of a variable eg. the "3" in 3x |
| leading coefficient | the number in front of the variable with the highest power. |
| degree | the highest power of a variable in a polynomial |
| monic polynomial | a polynomial with degree 1 |
| quadratic | a polynomial with degree 2 |
| cubic | a polynomial with degree 3 |
| quartic | a polynomial with degree 4 |
| constant | a number in a polynomial that is without a variable |
| zero of a polynomial | the value of a variable which makes the polynomial equal to zero. If k is a zero, P(k)=0 |
| roots of a polynomial | solutions to the polynomial. If k is a root, P(k)=0 |
| factor of a polynomial | (x - k) where P(x) = (x - k) Q(x) |
| When are two polynomials equal? | When they have the same degree and matching terms have the same coefficients. |
| Divisor | (x - k) which is divided into the polynomial |
| The Remainder Theorem | P(k) = Remainder |
| The Factor Theorem | P(k) = 0 |
| How many factors does a polynomial of degree "n" have? | n |
| If a polynomial has a complex root eg a + ib, it will also have what other root? | the complex conjugate - a - ib |
| Quotient | Q(x) when P(x) is divided by (x-k) |
| Remainder | R - when P(x) is divided by (x-k) to get P(x) = (x-k)Q(x)+R |