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Patho Ch 1
Cellular Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student? | A nucleus |
| A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy? | Respiration |
| A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained? | Nucleolus |
| Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the layer itself? | Integral membrane proteins |
| Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors? | Ligands |
| A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in the extracellular matrix would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? | Decreased fibronectin |
| Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact? | Cell junction |
| Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling types? | Paracrine |
| In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a: | substrate |
| An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract. The athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that the problem is result of a deficiency of: | ATP |
| Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP? | Citric Acid Cycle- Krebs |
| A nurse is teaching the staff about the phases of cellular catabolism. Which phases should the nurse include? | Digestion, glycolysis, oxidation, and the citric acid cycle |
| A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? | Anaerobic glycolysis |
| A faculty member asks a student to identify the appropriate term for the movement of a solute from an area of greater to lesser concentration. Which answer indicates the nursing student understood the teaching? | Diffusion |
| Which description accurately describes electrolytes? | Electrically charged molecules |
| A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: | plasma proteins. |
| A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg. This lab result is measuring: a. | osmolality. |
| A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid movement is the nurse describing? | Hydrostatic pressure |
| How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? | By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) |
| The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport? | d. Symport |
| During which process are bacteria engulfed for ingestion? | Phagocytosis |
| Some cancer drugs work during the cell cycle phase where nuclear and cytoplasmic divisions occur. What is this cell cycle phase called? | M |
| Which causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential? | Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. |
| A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is 70 mV. The predominant intracellular ion is Na+, and the predominant extracellular ion is K+. action potential? | K+ rushing into the cell |
| A nurse teaching the staff about platelet-derived growth factor includes information that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulates the production of: | connective tissue cells. |
| The phase of the cell cycle during which the centromeres split and the sister chromatids are pulled apart is referred to as: | anaphase |
| What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? | Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development. |
| A biopsy of the lung bronchi revealed ciliated epithelial cells that are capable of secretion and absorption. These cells are called _____ columnar epithelium. | ciliated simple |
| A student is reviewing functions of the cell. The student would be correct in identifying a chief function of the nerve cell as: | conductivity. |
| A nurse recalls that the basic types of tissues are: (select all that apply) | Nerve, epithelial, connective and muscle |
| Characteristics of prokaryotes include which of the following? | a. They contain no organelles. b. Their nuclear material is not encased by a nuclear membrane. |
Created by:
NightinGeel