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Bio 106 #2
this sucks
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Constriction of the ________ decreases hydrostatic pressure in _________. | afferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries |
| All of the following substances are present in proximal tubular fluid in the kidney, but which one is not normally present in urine? | glucose |
| If the following hypothetical conditions exist in the nephron, calculate the net filtration pressure. glomerular capillary pressure = 80 mmHg blood colloid osmotic pressure = 20 mmHg capsular hydrostatic pressure = 10 mmHg | 50 mmHg |
| Which is NOT a function of the kidneys in maintaining homeostasis? | regulation of blood glucose concentration |
| Decreased ADH levels results in a urine high in | water content. |
| Renin converts | angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. |
| As ADH production declines, | the urine volume increases. |
| Aldosterone exerts its effect on the kidney tubules by | increasing the synthesis of the transport proteins for sodium. |
| What percent of filtrate becomes urine? | less than 1% |
| In what segment of the nephron is the greatest fraction of filtered water reabsorbed? | the proximal tubule |
| Which stimulates vasopressin secretion? | increased plasma osmolarity |
| Water and NaCl reabsorbed from the loop of Henle directly re-enter what blood vessels? | vasa recta |
| Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion differ in that | tubular secretion adds materials to the filtrate; tubular reabsorption removes materials from the filtrate. |
| The amount of a substance that is excreted in the urine is equal to the amount that is ________ plus the amount that is ________ minus the amount that is ________. | filtered; secreted; reabsorbed |
| At the rate of 125 ml of filtrate/minute, estimate the amount of filtrate formed in 24 hours. | 180 liters |
| Lasix is a diuretic that blocks the reabsorption of sodium in the ascending loop of Henle. The result of giving this drug would be | increased urine output. |
| The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when | ADH production increases. |
| The movement of fluid into Bowman's capsule is opposed by | capsular hydrostatic pressure. |
| Which would occur if a person lost the ability to synthesize vasopressin? | The urine would become hypoosmotic compared to plasma. |
| Which of the following events would increase filtration pressure? | constriction of the efferent arteriole |
| The movement of fluid into Bowman's capsule is opposed by | capsular hydrostatic pressure. |
| Water and NaCl reabsorbed from the loop of Henle directly re-enter what blood vessels? | vasa recta |
| Which would occur if a person lost the ability to synthesize vasopressin? | The urine would become hypoosmotic compared to plasma. |
| Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the | end of the proximal convoluted tubule. |
| In which region of the nephron does the fractional reabsorption of water vary the most in response to variation in the state of hydration? | the collecting duct |
| Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion differ in that | tubular secretion adds materials to the filtrate; tubular reabsorption removes materials from the filtrate. |
| In what segment of the nephron is the greatest fraction of filtered water reabsorbed? | the proximal tubule |
| Plasma contains a much greater concentration of _____ than the glomerular filtrate. | protein |
| Aldosterone exerts its effect on the kidney tubules by | increasing the synthesis of the transport proteins for sodium. |
| Which correctly describes renin? | It is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells in renal afferent arterioles. |
| The amount of filtrate produced per minute is called the | glomerular filtration rate. |
| Which correctly describes the composition of the glomerular filtrate? | It is highly similar to plasma, except it does not contain plasma proteins. |
| Increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone results in | increased urine output. |
| Which of the following is NOT an action of angiotensin II? | decreases peripheral resistance |
| Lasix is a diuretic that blocks the reabsorption of sodium in the ascending loop of Henle. The result of giving this drug would be | increased urine output. |
| Which of the following is least likely to be filtered into Bowman's capsule in a normal, healthy person? | plasma protein |
| Which of the following organs is the main site of aldosterone secretion? | adrenal glands |
| Decreased ADH levels results in a urine high in | water content. |
| Which is NOT a function of the kidneys in maintaining homeostasis? | regulation of blood glucose concentration |
| Renin converts | angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. |
| Constriction of the ________ decreases hydrostatic pressure in _________. | afferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries |
| Passage of proteins into Bowman's capsule is prevented by | the size of the capillary pores, the size of the filtration slits in the podocytes, and the size of the proteins. |
| The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when | ADH production increases. |
| As ADH production declines, | the urine volume increases. |
| The collecting ducts and distal convoluted tubules | vary in their permeability to water relative to the amounts of ADH present. |
| Which stimulates vasopressin secretion? | increased plasma osmolarity |
| All of the following substances are present in proximal tubular fluid in the kidney, but which one is not normally present in urine? | glucose |
| Which of the following statements is true? | Reabsorption of water in the filtrate may be hormonally controlled. |
| The juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of | juxtaglomerular cells and the macula densa. |
Created by:
alexs13