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Ethics Summative
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which form according to the SOP on confidentiality must every employee sign as part of their letter of appointment to the company? | Confidentiality agreement form |
| Discuss 8 legal indications for breaching confidentiality | •statutory law •instruct of court •ifpublic at risk •consent of pt •consent of parent -child under 12 •deceased , consent- next of kin •HCP share info if benefit pt •data anonymised •abuse suspected •failure to disclose puts pt at risk |
| List 4 examples of how you can avoid unintentional disclosure of confidential information | •Dont discuss info where it can be heard •Dont leave records where they can be seen •Electronic info – fax must be secure •Faxes to be placed in secure areas where data cannot be intercepted •No confidential info may be copied without authorization |
| Explain the meaning of Phlebotomist | The name given to a person who collects blood from veins for diagnostic purposes and blood donation .It also includes instructing the patient in the collection of non-blood specimens |
| List 10 of the core ethical values and standards of good practice as recommended by the HPCSA | 1. Respect for persons: 2. Non-maleficence 3. Beneficence 4. Human rights 5. Autonomy 6. Integrity 7. Truthfulness 8. Confidentiality 9. Compassion 10. Tolerance 11. Justice 12. Professional competence and self-improvement 13. Community |
| HIV consent | State laws specify what type of information must be given |
| Negligence | Health care provider performing acts (intentionally or unintentional) which are wrongful and may cause injury or harm to the patients |
| The Act that stipulates the obtaining of informed consent is: | National Health Act (61 of 2003) |
| Informed consent | Implies voluntary and competent permission |
| An SOP is a document that : | Describes how a procedure should be performed |
| Explain the meaning of Standard of care | Level of care and skills a health care provider at a certain level of training must adhere to - that provides due care for patients |
| HPCSA | Health Professions Council of South Africa |
| Describe your ethical duties towards your working colleagues | *work with & respect colleagues *dont discriminate against colleagues *dont speaking ill of colleagues *dont let pt doubt knowledge & skill of colleagues *support colleagues who uphold ethical values *advise impaired colleagues to seek assistance |
| Battery | Intentional harmful or offensive touching or use of force on a person without that person`s consent or legal justification |
| List 10 patients’ rights as found in the Patients’ Rights Charter | •safe environment •Participate-decision •Access to health •Know med aid •Choice of service •treated by named HCP •Confidentiality&privacy •Informed consent •Refuse treatment •referred for 2 opinion •Continuity of care •Complain about service |
| Minor consent | Parental/guardian consent required for medical treatment (if child is below the age of 12) |
| Vicarious liability | Health establishments are liable for the unlawful acts of persons employed by them during the course and scope of their work |
| Name the board that controls the work of a phlebotomy technician | The Professional Board of Medical Technology |
| Describe the HPCSA’s guidelines regarding the signing of official documents | When signing official documents, reports, patient records etc, the student, intern or practitioner must write his/her initials and surname in block letters next to the signature |
| Expressed consent | Required before surgery or high risk procedures |
| Explain the HPCSA’s guidelines regarding the performance of professional acts by a medical technician | •Shall confine themselves to practice the discipline of medical technology in which educated, trained and registered •Shall perform acts only under a medical technologist who is registered in the relevant discipline •Shall not conduct private practice |
| When does consent not need to be obtained? | 1.in terms of the law 2.If ordered or by a court order 3.if non treatment will result in serious risk to the health of the general public 4.patient may be treated if a delay in treatment may result in death 5.HCW being accidentally exposed to BBP |
| Refusal of consent | A constitutional right to refuse a medical procedure |
| Briefly explain the main role of the Health Professions Council of South Africa? | To serve and protect the public and provide guidance to registered healthcare practitioners on ethical, educational and professional issues |
| Identify the Statutory body with whom you are required to be registered | The Health Professions Council of South Africa |
| Explain the guidelines regarding the alteration of records | •No information may be removed from a health record •An error may be corrected by placing a line through it in ink and correcting it •Date of change must be entered •Correction must be signed in full •Reason for amendment specified on the record. |
| The main commitment of the HPCSA is: | To serve and protect the public |
| List the requirements that must accompany the application forms when registering with the HPCSA | • Qualified persons must submit proof of qualification • ID • Good character • Pay the prescribed fee |
| Explain the “test” for the standard of care | •Is how a reasonably competent provider in that branch of medicine •Would have acted in a similar situation. •Would they have foreseen the possibility of harm to the patient and •Would they have taken steps to prevent harm from happening? |
| Write down 6 duties ( from the HPCSA duties and responsibilities of phlebotomy technicians in the workplace) that does not involve either the preparation of, collection or transporting of specimens ( clerical duties) | •perform front office clerical duties •Maintain patient confidentiality •Comply with relevant SOP’s and policies of lab •Promote good public relations with pts &hospital personnel •Maintain safe working conditions •Perform lab computer operations |
| Explain your duty to your profession | Report misconduct and impairment where you have good/ persuasive reason to believe these have occurred |
| Non-maleficence | To act in the best interest of the patient by not intentionally causing harm or injury |
| Describe according to the Children’s Act (38 of 2005) the conditions for obtaining informed consent from a child for medical treatment | A child may consent to his /her own medical treatment or to medical treatment of his/her child if the child is above 12 years & child is of sufficient maturity & has mental capacity to understand benefits, risks of the treatment |
| Explain what the SOP( no 1524) on confidentiality stipulates with regards to looking up laboratory results | • SOP states it is not permissible for employees to look up results when not in the normal course of their duties. • This includes results of family, friends, colleagues etc |
| Briefly explain what the SOP on confidentiality stipulates about the faxing of confidential documents. | • Confidential documents may be faxed, but personnel must ensure the information is sent to the correct location • And that only the intended recipient will have access to it |
| The duty of acting in the best interest of the patient may be considered: | An Ethical duty |
| Autonomy | Mental and legal capacity to make an independent decision and convey that decision to the Health Professional |
| Explain the conditions of obtaining informed consent as stipulated by the National Health Act for providing medical care in: an emergency situation | •pt may be treated without consent if a delay in treatment may result in death •treatment must be limited to what is necessary to save life •After the emergency, when pt is sufficiently recovered to understand, he should be told what was done & why |
| According to SOP – Informed consent, what must you do if the patient wants to know why the doctor has requested certain tests? | •Refer the patient back to the doctor for more information before collecting the specimen as it is the doctors duty to explain the reason for the test to the patient. •You may ask the patient what the doctor has told them/Give general information |
| Beneficence | Acting in the best interest of the patient by including benefits, risks and cost of a procedure |
| List the information that needs to be given to the patient when obtaining informed consent | • His health status/diagnosis • Procedure/treatment options • The benefits, risks, costs associated with each option • The patients right to refuse and the implications of such refusal |
| How must the information when obtaining informed consent be explained to the patient? | • In a language the patient can understand • At a level the patient can understand ( take into account the patients level of literacy) • In private |
| Explain what the SOP states about sharing client information with visiting auditors | • They need to sign the confidentiality agreement form • Before any information may be shared with them |
| According to SOP – Informed consent, what is the procedure to follow if the patient refuses to give consent? | •find out reason for refusal •if the decision is informed,respect it& notify dr •if due to emotional state /lack of info- procedure must be explained & an attempt made to reassure the patient •should the pt still refuse, notify the referring dr |
Created by:
cisca