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IB Chem B HL
Question | Answer |
---|---|
allosteric site | area of an enzyme where non-competitive inhibitors bind |
non-competitive inhibition | When substances bind to an enzyme outside of the active site to inhibit its effectiveness |
Competitive inhibition | When a substance that is not the target substrate binds directly to the active site |
Vmax | the maximum rate of an enzyme under particular pH and temperature conditions |
Michaelis constant Km | is the substrate concentration at half of the Vmax |
histones | basic positively charged proteins which nucleic acids wrap around |
Nucleotide | a phosphate group, a pentose, and a base |
triplets or codons | three nucleotide sequences |
Genetically modified organisms | when the DNA of one species is inserted into the DNA of another species. |
Biological pigments | coloured compounds produced by metabolism. |
Carotenes | biological pigments that consist of long hydrocarbon chains containing many double bonds |
Porphyrins | biological pigments that consist of a complex of metal ions and a large cyclic ligand. |
Anthocyanins | biological pigments that are water soluble and concentrated in the vacuoles of plants producing bright colours |
L-isomers | the biological form of the optical isomers for amino acids |