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Who were the titans of the Industrial era? How did they make their fortunes?
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What child labor laws exist in the Gilded Age?
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History 1302 Exam #1
1800-1939
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who were the titans of the Industrial era? How did they make their fortunes? | Andrew Carnegie- steel company John D. Rockefeller- bought oil companies Henry Ford- affordable trucks Jp Morgan- Investment Banker |
| What child labor laws exist in the Gilded Age? | National Labor Committee |
| Who were the Anarchists and what role, if any, did they play in the Haymarket Riot? | The Haymarket Riot was a backlash against unions, so Americans began to associate unions with anarchy Anarchists believe governments exploit power, so they prefer a self-governed rule. |
| Describe the relationship between Northern and Southern States after the Civil War. | Northern states were all about big cities and factories Southern states lived a farming lifestyle which relied heavily on slaves |
| Detail the assent of the Standard Oil company | |
| How did cotton based economy fare after slavery was over? | Crop owners just replaced them with other workers who would tend their lands in exchange for a place to live in. >The Crop- Lien System |
| What role, did banks play in this economy? | They serve to provide the loans that allow a great deal of consumption and investment to occur and they increase the supply of money |
| Who were the “redeemers” | Industrial progress, but make it white supremacist |
| What was the “Mississippi Plan?” | It was devised by the Democratic Party in that state to overthrow the Republican Party in Mississippi by means of organized threats of violence and suppression or purchase of the black vote. |
| What was the Battle of Little Bighorn? | A battle in which |
| How did the “Indian Wars” end? | The capture of Geronimo |
| Describe America’s shift from a predominately rural population to a predominately urban one. | The big shift was the creation of vapor machines, and also cars and trains. |
| Explain the role saloons played in early urban American culture. | A place where lower class men could socialize and gossip |
| What was the significance of the Pendleton Act? | Required qualified people to be elected to governmental offices based on the individual's merit |
| How did immigration patterns shift in early 20 | Imigrantes could only pass to America if they had a visa |
| What was the “Chinese Exclusion Act?” | It was the first significant law restricting immigration into the United States |
| Explain the importance and significance of tenement housing in Urban areas | Were the reason for why cities were dirty and cramed |
| What contribution did Charles Darwin make to modern science and society with the theory of evolution? | Evolutionary biology; The philosophy of science; And the modern zeitgeist. |
| Explain the difference between social Darwinism and reform Darwinism. | Reform Darwinism -acknowledge that humans are Social beings for whom Cooperation and helping each other is essential, Social Darwinism- Is the notion that people who are unable to compete should be left behind to die. |
| What was causing farmers in the South to lose money on crops? | They weren't selling as much as they were making so to help |
| Would the theory of Social Darwinism justify American imperialism? | Yes |
| In what way did Hawaii benefit from its relationship with the United States? | They would have an army ready in case of war |
| What was Spain’s position on Cuban freedom before the Spanish-American war? | Spain offers Cuba autonomy (power with no independence) |
| Who were the “Rough Riders?” Where did they serve? | The first voluntary cavalry in the Spanish-American War. |
| What is yellow journalism? | Exaggerated news |
| Who was Pancho Villa? | Who killed all the gringos?? Pancho Villa |
| When are Puerto Rican people granted U.S. citizenships? | March 2, 1917 |
| Describe America’s open door policy with china? | Open door policy (anyone can trade and import with China) |
| How does America respond to the Russo-Japanese War? | Roosevelt block Japanese immigration |
| Describe Theodore Roosevelt’s method of governing. | Wanted to make America take part in more international deals, and while doing this he made sure to show them he meant business |
| What was the “Square Deal?” | Control of Corporations, conservation of land, consumer protections Was President Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program |
| Who was Booker T. Washington? | Focus on long-term educational and economic advancement in the black community |
| Who passed more anti-trust legislation, Roosevelt or Taft? | Taft |
| What did progressives want from the government during the progressive era? | Was to eliminate corruption within the government, made a point to also focus on family, education, and many other important aspects that still are enforced today. |
| How did progressives want to fight economic inequality during the progressive era? | Social movements and announcing their beliefs through many forms like newspaper and the radio |
| What was the objective of the National Child Labor Committee? | Set out on a mission of "promoting the rights, awareness, dignity, well-being and education of children and youth as they relate to work and working." |
| Describe the events that take place before, during, and after the Coal Strike of 1902? | Before- The Square Deal During- Curbing the trusts After- Roosevelt's reelection |
| Who is Upton Sinclair? Why is he an important American in the Progressive Era? | Was a writer who is mostly known for "The Jungle" |
| Who is ultimately left out of the Progressive Era? | Farmers |
| How do differences between urban and rural culture cause conflict in the 1920s? | Urban population out paced rural population |
| What happens to the country’s economy between 1920-1930? | Economy's start to slowly crash |
| How does consumer culture impact everyday American life? | Creation of brands, also called branding |
| What were “flappers?” | Very revealing dresses that women wore during the 1920's |
| What was the Harlem Renaissance? | Was an intellectual, social, and artistic explosion centered in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, spanning the 1920s. Also known as the "New-Negro Movement" |
| Who was Charlie Chaplin? | Was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. He became a worldwide icon through his screen persona, "The Tramp" |
| Who was Amelia Earhart? | Was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. |
| What was the Great Migration? | The movement of African-Americans from the South to the North for jobs and a better life |
| Why was the NAACP founded? | Meeting to call for African American Civil Rights Focused on the 14th and 15th Amendment |
| Why is the Ku Klux Klan (1920s) different than earlier iterations | This time they were bigger and even stronger on their beliefs |
| What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact? | A pact that made signing nations to use war as a last resort, basically outlawing war |
| What was the Scopes “monkey” trial? | Was a nationally-famous Tennessee court case that upheld a state law banning the teaching of evolution in public schools, caused by John Scopes |
| What methods do supporters of prohibition use to fight alcoholism and encourage temperance? | Temperance Movement |
| What did it mean to buy stock “on the margin? | Put a down payment on stock, get a loan for the rest If stock rose, loan is paid If stock fell, loaned shares are sold off for pennies to cover bases |
| Why is Warren G. Harding elected? | Called for a "return to normalcy" Accomplished his goals |
| Describe American immigration policies in the 1920s | The Immigration Act of 1924 Limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota |
| Why does the stock market crash in 1929? | To many stocks were being bought by people, and at this time stocks were being sold for more than they were worth |
| What are the causes of the Great Depression? | People used credit for everything after WWI and they would very slowly pay back their debt but it wasn't fast enough |
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