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9.3 science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The greatest extinction event known to have occurred marks the boundary between the | Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eras. |
| The Permian-Triassic mass extinction claimed_____ of marine species | 90% |
| The Permian-Triassic mass extinction claimed _____ of terrestrial species. | 70% |
| The Mesozoic Era of time spans from about | 251 million years ago to 65 million years ago. |
| The Mesozoic is known as the ______ due to the diversification and abundance of many forms of reptiles – including the dinosaurs! | Age of the Reptiles |
| Dinosaurs first appear in the fossil record in | Triassic rocks. |
| The Triassic oceans contained ichthyosaurs (marine reptiles that had adapted a fish-like shape) and invertebrate cephalopods called | ammonites. |
| Ammonites diversified so rapidly, were widespread, and readily identified so they are often used as ______ index fossils. | Mesozoic |
| The saurischians (lizard-hipped dinosaurs) include | herbivores, and carnivores. |
| The ________ (bird-hipped dinosaurs) included only herbivores. | ornithischians |
| ________(9 m long, 3 m tall) was one of the better known ornithischians. | Stegosaurus |
| _________a flying reptile, was common in the Jurassic skies. | Pterosaurus |
| ________stood up to 6 m tall and was about 15 m long. | T. rex |
| The earliest angiosperms (flowing plants) appeared during the | Cretaceous. |
| __________were among the most common of these early flowering plants. | Magnolias and willows |
| The Cretaceous Period (last of the Mesozoic Era) ended with | a mass extinction that brought about the end of the dinosaurs and many large marine reptiles. |
| Some scientists have credited the movement of continents _______ for this mass extinction. | (plate tectonics) and volcanic activity |
| An iridium layer is found in the very last layer of_______ rocks to be deposited at many sites globally. | Cretaceous |
| _______ is a common element in meteorites, but very rare on Earth. | Iridium |
| The Cenozoic Era is the unit of geologic time that began about______ years ago and continues through modern day. | 65 million |
| At times, continental ice sheets have covered nearly ______of the Earth’s land mass. | 33% |
| Mammals have reached an amazing degree of diversity during this time, also known as the | Age of Mammals. |
| The Tertiary Period of the Cenozoic Era spans time from | 65 million years ago up to the time before the last series of ice ages (about 2.6 million years ago). |
| The Quaternary Period includes the last | 2.6 million years of Earth’s history ice ages and the modern Holocene Epoch. |
| During the Paleocene, the earliest epoch of the Cenozoic, many new mammals evolved such as | small rodents and early primates. |
| Many mammal forms diversified in the_____ epoch including whales, bats, and the earliest known horses. | Eocene |
| Alabama’s state fossil is the | Eocene whale Basilosaurus cetoides |
| During the Miocene Epoch, the Antarctic icecap began to form as | circumpolar currents |
| Tectonic forces and falling sea levels caused the Mediterranean Sea to | dry up and fill several times. |
| The largest of land mammals, the_____ (4.5 m tall, 15 tons), lived during this time. | Paraceratherium transouralicum |
| The Pleistocene Epoch began about and lasted until about | 1.8 million years ago and 11,500 years ago |
| Many ice ages occurred during the | Pleistocene Epoch. |
| The Holocene Epoch (a.k.a. Recent Epoch) began about | 11,500 years ago around the end of the last glacial episode. |
Created by:
Terminal98