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Physics C6:Dynamics

Physics Chapter 6: Dynamics Coach Leach

TermDefinition
principles of inertia An object in motion will continue in its original state of motion unless or until an outside agent acts on it; attributed to Galileo Galilei
force A push or a pull on a system
balanced forces Concurrent forces that have a zero vector sum
unbalanced forces Concurrent forces that sum to a nonzero resultant force
equilibrant force A force that yields a zero force sum when added to the resultant of all other concurrent forces acting on a system
weight The force of gravity acting on an object's mass at the earth or other planet's surface
fundamental force One of four fundamental forces or interaction in nature: gravity, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear interaction force and weak nuclear interaction force
gravitational force The force between two systems originating from their masses, exerted over the distance between their centers of mass; always attracts; the weakest of the four fundamental forces
electromagnetic force One of the four fundamental forces in nature; manifested in the forces exerted between atoms; The photon is the exchange particle for electromagnetic forces.
strong nuclear interaction force The short range interaction between nucleons and within other subatomic particles; responsible for holding the nucleus together
weak nuclear interaction force One of the four fundamental forces in nature; extremely short ranged with extremely weak field strength; Most significant effect is its involvement in beta decay
noncontact force A force that exists between systems that are not touching
field theory The theoretical model that explains gravitational attraction and the attraction of repulsion of magnetic or charge objects as properties imposed on the space surrounding the objects by the matter or kind of matter of the objects
virtual particle In the exchange particle theory of forces, a nonmaterial particle that is believe to carry energy and create interactions that we perceived as forces between other subatomic particles; confirmed examples are photons, gluons and the WIZ particles
contact force A force that can be exerted only through the physical contact of two systems
tensile force A contact force that tends to stretch or pull an object apart
compressive force One of a pair of opposing forces that act in line so as to compress the system they are acting on
torsion A force pair applied to an object that tends to twist it
friction The contact force between tow surfaces sliding against each other that opposes their relative motion
shear force An asymmetrical force pair that tends to cause strain within a material along planes parallel to the applied force
force table A circular laboratory apparatus designed to demonstrate the summation of concurrent forces
system A part of the universe isolated from its surroundings by a physical or conceptual barrier for the purpose of simplifying the analysis of forces on the system
surroundings Everything outside the designated boundaries of a system
mechanical equilibrium The state of a system where the vector sum of all external forces on the system is zero
action-reaction force pair The two equal but opposite forces that exist when two systems act on each other
pound-force (lbf) The unit of force in the English Engineering System
pound-mass (lbm) The unit of mass in the English Engineering System
Newton's First Law of Motion Law States: Objects at rest remain at rest, and objects in motion continue in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an net external force.
Newton's Second Law of Motion Law States: The acceleration of a system is directly proportional to the net force acting on the system and is inversely proportional to its mass.
Newton's Third Law of Motion Law States: For every force exerted on a system by its surroundings, the system exerts an equal but opposite force on its surroundings.
Created by: CoachLeach
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