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Gljive

QuestionAnswer
Gljive se ne kreću i imaju ćelijski zid kao biljke, ali nemaju ____________ i ne mogu da vrše fotosintezu pa se zato svrstavaju u posebno carstvo. hlorofil
U gljive ubrajamo: kvasce,______ i pečurke. buđi
Gljive se razmnožavaju uz pomoć ________. spora
Spore se razvijaju u izdužene bezbojne niti – _______. hife
Na površini hife je ćelijski zid građen od __________. hitina
U unutrašnjosti hife je __________ sa jednim ili više jedara. citoplazma
___________ je tijelo gljive koje je građeno od isprepletanih hifa. Micelijum
____________ su proširenja na vrhovima hifa u kojima se stvaraju spore. Sporangije
Buđi se razvijaju na _______, voću i povrću. hlebu
Buđi imaju sposobnost da luče materiju – ____________ koja sprečava rast i razvoj bakterija. antibiotik
Najpoznatiji antibiotik je ___________, koji se dobija iz gljive penicilinijum. penicilin
__________ su jednoćelijske gljive. Kvasci
Kvasci se razmnožavaju ________________, naročito brzo na podlogama koje sadrže šećer. pupljenjem
Najpoznatiji kvasci su: _________ i pivski ili pekarski kvasac. vinski
Pivski (pekarski) kvasac izaziva _________ – proces pretvaranja šećera u alkohol. vrenje
Pivski kvasac se zove još i ___________ zato što se koristi za dobijanje hleba i peciva. pekarski
Pečurke su __________tijela najsloženijih gljiva. plodonosna
Micelijum pečurke se nalazi u zemljištu, a na površini zemljišta je prodonosno __________ izgrađeno od gusto zbijenih hifa. tijelo
Plodonosno tijelo pečurke čini drška i __________. šeširić
Pečurke mogu biti: jestive – koriste se u ishrani i ________. otrovne
Gljive se koriste: u proizvodnji vina, piva, hljeba, u industriji _________ i pića, u proizvodnji antibiotika. hrane
Gljive zovemo __________ prirode jer razlažu uginule organizme a zatim upijaju hranljive materije hifama, pa pripadaju saprofitima. čistačima
Penicilin je otkrio Aleksandar ___________. Fleming
Created by: Ognjen
 

 



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