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periodic table defin

TermDefinition
Dmitri Mendelev Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev was a Russian chemist and inventor. He is best remembered for formulating the Periodic Law and creating a farsighted version of the periodic table of elements.
Periodic table The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of elements, is a tabular display of the chemical elements, which are arranged by atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.
18 Vertical columns The elements are arranged in seven horizontal rows, called periods or series, and 18 vertical columns, called groups.
7 Horizontal rows The Periodic Table: Families and Periods. In the periodic table of elements, there are seven horizontal rows of elements called periods.
Valence Electrons In chemistry, a valence electron is an outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed;
Alkali Metals any of the elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, occupying Group IA (1) of the periodic table. They are very reactive, electropositive, monovalent metals forming strongly alkaline hydroxides.
Halogens Family The halogens are the family of chemical elements that includes fluorine (atomic symbol F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At).
Noble Gases any of the gaseous elements helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, occupying Group 0 (18) of the periodic table. They were long believed to be totally unreactive but compounds of xenon, krypton, and radon are now known.
Rare Earth Elements any of a group of chemically similar metallic elements comprising the lanthanide series and (usually) scandium and yttrium. They are not especially rare, but they tend to occur together in nature and are difficult to separate from one another.
Transition Metals The transition metals are a group of metals that are found in the middle of the periodic table.
Alkaline Earth Metals any of the elements beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium, occupying Group IIA (2) of the periodic table.
Metals a solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity (e.g., iron, gold, silver, copper, and aluminum, and alloys such as brass and steel).
Non-Metals an element or substance that is not a metal.
Metalloids an element (e.g. arsenic, antimony, or tin) whose properties are intermediate between those of metals and solid nonmetals or semiconductors.
Ionic Bond Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms.
Covalent Bond A covalent bond, also called a molecular bond, is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
atom the basic unit of a chemical element.
proton a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron, but of opposite sign.
neutron a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.
electron a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.
isotope each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei,
ion Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms.
element a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is essential or characteristic.
electron cloud Electron cloud is an informal term in physics. It is used to describe where electrons are when they go around the nucleus of an atom.
mass number the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
atomic number the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.
atomic mass the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units. It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom
Created by: 04eriram27645
 

 



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