Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
HEMATOLOGY 1.2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Accumulation of degraded mucopolysaccharide | Alder Reilly granules |
| Fused primary granules | Auer Rods |
| Large Lysosomal granules | Chediak Higashi granules |
| Mutation in CHS1 LYST gene | Chediak Higashi granules |
| Patient will present with photophobia ar skin hypopigmentation | Chediak Higashi |
| Aggregates of free ribosomes of rough ER | Dohle Bodies |
| Large to purple to black primary granules that are peroxidase positive | Toxic granules |
| Large, crystalline, Dohle like inclusions / spindle shaped / giant platelets / thrombocytopenia | May Hegglin inclusions |
| Normal random activity but characterized by abnormal chemotactic activity | Job's syndrome |
| Abnormal random activity and abnormal chemotactic activity | Lazy Leukocyte syndrome |
| Inability of a phagocyte to kill ingested microorganism because of enzyme deficiency (NADPH Oxidase) / Respiratory burst | Chronic Granulomatous Disease |
| Monocyte with ingested lymphocyte | Tart cells |
| Neutrophils with homogeneous round body / found on SLE | LE cells |
| Also referred as reactive/variant/stimulated lymphocytes or Downey cells | Atypical lymphocytes |
| Vacuolated lymphocyte resembling a swiss cheese or moth eaten appearance | Type III Downey cells |
| Found on IM with round mass of chromatin (ballerina skirt appearance) | Type II downey cells |
| Turk's irritation cell which is actually a plasmacytoid lymphocyte with large black chromatin | Type 1 Downey cells |
| Originally B cells with hair like projection which are identified by being TRAP resistance | Hairy cell |
| Found on CLL / thumbprint appearance | Basket / Smudge cells |
| A T lymphocyte with cerebriform nucleus (brain like) usually seen in mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome | Sezary cells |
| Cells are like normal lymphocytes except that the nucleus is notched, lobulated and clover-leaf like | Reider cells |
| A plasma cell with red to pink cytoplasm; associated with increased IgA and usually seen in multiple myeloma | Flame cells |
| Individual globules of immunoglobulins | Russel bodies |
| Intranuclear protein inclusions | Dutcher's bodies |
| A plasma cell with vacuoles with large protein globules called as Russel bodies | Grape cell, Berry / Morula or MOTT cells |
| A deficiency in glucocerebrosidase | Gaucher disease |
| Deficiency of sphingomyelinase enzyme | Neimann Pick disease |
| Deficiency in hexosaminidase A | Tay sachs disease |
| Deficiency im hexosaminidase A and B enzyme | Sand Hoff's disease |
| Large number of smudge cells are present / + Reider cells / soccer ball pattern / majority of cases of CLL appears to involve B lymphocytes / more in men than women | Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia |
| Common type of leukemia in adults | Acute myeloid leukemia |
| Leukemia of childhood and adolescence | Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia |
| Subdivide leukemia according to cellular morphology / cytochemical staining results / immunophenotyping / first system / > or equal to 30% blasts in BM (Acute Leukemia) | French American British (FAB) Classification |
| Widely used to classify leukemia / WHO classification is based on cellular morphology and cytochemical stains, but also utilizes information obtained from immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, abnormalities and clinical syndrome / acute leukemia >20% | WHO classification |
| ALL : are small and homogenous / most common childhood ALL with best prognosis | L1 |
| ALL: lymphoblasts are large and heterogenous /adult type ALL | L2 |
| ALL : BURKITT TYPE / large homogenous and vacuolated / rarest subclass, both can be present in children and adult / poor prognosis | L3 |
| Acute myeloid leukemia, minimally differentiated | M0 |
| Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation / >30% blast / <10% granulocytic cells | M1 |
| Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with maturation / >30% blast / >30% granulocytic cells | M2 |
| Acute promyelocytic leukemia / >30% blasts >10% granulocytic cells / 30% or >50% promyelocytes | M3 |
| Bundles of auer rods | Faggot cells (DIC) |
| Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia / 20 to <80% myelocytic cells / <80% monoblast / Naegili type | M4 |
| Acute monoblastic leukemia without maturation / >80% monocytic cells / >80% monoblast | M5a |
| Schilling type Leukemia | M5a |
| Acute monoblastic leukemia with maturation >80% monocytic cells / <80% monoblast | M5b |
| Di GugLielmo's Syndrome | M6 |
| Erythroleukemia / Erythremic Myelosis >30% blast / >50% erythrocytic prscursors | M6 |
| Acute megakaryocytic leukemia / >30% blast / >30% megakaryocytic cells | M7 |
| (-) auer rods / increase WBC count (mature/immature) / shift to the left / non malignant condition response to toxication and severe infection (septicemia) | Leukamoid Reaction |
| AML | Positive for MPO and SBB but negative for TDT |
| ALL | Negative for MPO and SBB but negative for TDT |
| LAP / KAPLOW COUNT on Leukamoid reaction | Increase (increase also in PV and pregnancy) |
| LAP / KAPLOW COUNT on CML | Decrease |
| Specimen for LAP (Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase) | Fresh capillary blood (heparin as anti coag) |
| Used to differentiate acute myelogenous and monocytic leukemia | Peroxidase |
| Used to differentiate acute myelogenous and myelomonocytic leukemia | Sudan Black B |
| Used to differentiate granulocytic cells from monocytic cells (neutrophil + , monocyte -) | Chloroacetate esterase (specific) |
| Used to differentiate monocytic leukemia from granulocytic leukemia (monocyte +, neutrophil -) | Non specific esterase |
| Cyanide resistant peroxidase (specific eosinophil (+) other (-) | Myeloperoxidase |
| Used to differentiate AML to ALL / marker for immature lymphocyte | Terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase |
| Blocky or chunky pattern / L1 and L2 block pattern / bright fuschia pink (magenta red) / all cells are (+) except normal erythroblast | PAS |
| Marker for megakaryocyte / plasma cells / inhibited by addition of sodium fluoride | Alpha napthyl acetate esterase |
| Non specific esterase specific for monocytic origin | Alpha napthyl butyrate esterase |
| Marker for hairy cell leukemia / reticuloendocytosis / HTLV infection | Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase |
| Useful for recognition of mast cells / basophils / differs RTE and WBC | Toluidine Blue (H. pylori) |
| Solid tumor counterpart of plasma cell leukemia | Myeloma |
| SE (+) NSE (-) | M1 M2 |
| SE (-) NSE (+) | M5 |
| SE (+) NSE (+) | M4 |
| Common cutaneous lymphoma | Mycosis fungoides |
| disseminated disease with leukemic presentation and skin and lymph node involvement | Sezary syndrome |
| Presence of Reed Stenberg cells / nodular lymphocyte predominant hodkgin | Hodgkin's Lymphoma |
| Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin | Popcorn cells |
| Based to histologic appearance of the involved tissue from lymph node biopsy | Rye classification of Hodgkin |
| Most widely used staging scheme, depends on histologic type and the extent of tissue involvement | Ann Arbor classification of Hodgkin |
| Starry Sky Pattern | Burkitt Lymphoma / EBV infection / ALL3 |
| This pattern of abnormalities was referred to as refractory anemia | Myelodysplastic Syndrome |
| Ringed sideroblasts for refractory with ringed sideroblast | Refractory with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) |
| Chromosome 22 found to be translocated to chromosome 9 (Philadelphia Chromosome) with poorer prognosis | Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia |
| Normal RBC mass, increase hematocrit, normal EPO / dehydration and shock / Gaisbock Syndrome | Relative Polycythemia |
| Primary absolute | Polycythemia vera |
| Polycythemia in cases of hypoxia, cyanotic heart disease, kidney tumors | 2° polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO |
| Wilm's Tumor | 2° polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO |
| Genetic polycythemia | Chuvash polycythemia |
| Aspirating unit, dispensers, dilutors, mixing chambers | Hydraulics |
| Vacuums and pressures for operating valves and moving the sample through the system | Pneumatics |
| Electronic analyzers and computing circuitry | Electrical systems |
| AKA low voltage direct current resistance or "Coulter" principle | Electrical Impedance |
| Particles such as blood cells are non conductive but are suspended in an electrically conductive diluent / number of pulse is proportional to the number of cells | Electrical Impedance |
| Sysmex and Coulter uses what principle? | Electrical Impedance |
| RBC dilution factor in Coulter | 1:50,000 |
| WBC dilution factor in Coulter | 1:500 |
| Problems that could lead to positive errors | BEA ( Bubbles, Extraneous electrical pulses, Aperture plugs) |
| Measures cell size | Forward light scatter (2-3°<) |
| Measures cell granularity or complexity | Side scatter (5-15°<) |
| Cell size on the ____ axis | X |
| Number of cells on the ___ axis | Y |
| RBC volume size between ____ | 36fL to 360 fL |
| WBC aperture bath larger than | 35fL |
| First peak of WBC histogram | 35-90fL (small ex. lymphocytes) |
| Second peak (medium ex. monocytes) | 90-160fL |
| Third peak of WBC histogram | 160-450fL (large granulocytes) |
| Platelet histogram | 2 to 20 fL |
| Parameter derived from RBC histogram | MCV and RDW |
| Parameters derived from platelet histogram | MPV and PDW |
| Three part differential | GML (Granulocytes, Monocytes, Lymphocytes) |
| Cold agglutinins cause | Decrease RBC count , increase MCV and MCHC , grainy appearance |
| Lipemia, icterus, chylomicrons causes | Increase Hb and MCH |
| Microcytosis or schistocytosis causes | Decrease RBC count |
| Platelet clumps causes | Decrease platelet count , increase WBC count |
| Originally designed to measure physical properties of cell based on their ability to deflect light | Flow Cytometry |
Created by:
oddreann