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OB Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an environment that allows the newborn to maintain a stable normal body temperature? | Neutral thermal environment |
| What is heat production or generation that occurs as a result of increased muscle activity for the newborn? | Thermogenesis |
| What is a heat production process that is unique to the newborn accomplished primarily by brown fat and secondarily by increased metabolic activity in the brain, heart and liver? | Nonshivering thermogenesis |
| What is the flow of heat from the body surface to cooler ambient air? | Convection |
| What is the loss of heat from the body surface to a cooler, solid surface not in direct contact but in relative proximity | Radiation |
| What is the loss of heat that occurs when a liquid is converted to vapor? | Evaporation |
| What is the loss of heat from the body surface to cooler surfaces in direct contact? | Conduction |
| What is high body temperature that develops more rapidly in the newborn than in the adult? | Hyperthermia |
| What is caused by heat loss that exceeds the capacity to produce heat? | Cold stress |
| What are pinkish, easily blanched areas on upper eyelids, nose, upper lip, back of head and nape of neck that are also known as stork bites and salmon patches? | Nevus simplex |
| What is the overlapping of cranial bones to facilitate movement of the fetal head through the maternal pelvis during the process of labor and birth? | Molding |
| What is the generalized, easily identifiable edematous area of the scalp usually over the occiput? | Caput succedaneum |
| What is the collection of blood between a skull bone and its periosteum as a result of pressure during birth? | Cephalhematoma |
| What are bluish-black pigmented areas usually found on back and buttocks but can occur anywhere on the exterior surface of the body including the extremities? | Mongolian spots |
| What are bluish discoloration of the hands and feet, especially when chilled? | Acrocyanosis |
| What is the white, cheesy substance that coats and protects the fetus's skin while in utero? | Vernix caseosa |
| What are white facial pimples caused by distended sebaceous glands? | Milia |
| What is yellowish skin discoloration caused by increased levels of serum bilirubin? | Jaundice |
| What is thick, tarry, dark green-black stool usually passed within 24 hours of birth? | Meconium |
| What is a transient newborn rash characterized by erythematous macules, papules and small vesicles? | Erythema toxicum |
| What is a substance present in the urine of newborns that causes a pink-tinged stain or "brick dust" on the diaper that is a normal finding during the first week? | Uric acid crystals |
| What is the contraction of the anal sphincter in response to touch? | Wink reflex |
| What is the accumulation of fluid in the scrotum and around the testes? | Hydrocele |
| What is bruising? | Ecchymosis |
| What is a the heart sound that is heard when fetal shunts remain fully or partially open after birth? | Murmur |
| What is soft, downy hair on face, shoulders and back? | Lanugo |
| What is bleeding into a potential space in the brain that contains loosely arranged connective tissue? | Subgaleal hemorrhage |
| What is peeling of the skin that occurs in the term infant a few days after birth? | Desquamation |
| What is a flat red to purple birthmark composed of a plexus of newly formed capillaries in the papillary layer of the corium? | Nevus flammeus |
| What is a birthmark consisting of dilated, newly formed capillaries occupying the entire dermal and subdermal layers? | Nevus vascularis |
| What is slightly blood-tinged mucoid vaginal discharge associated with an estrogen decrease after birth? | Pseudomenstration |
| What is foreskin? | Prepuce |
| What is the protein that lines the alveoli resulting in a lower surface tension and alveolar stability with inspiration and expiration? | Surfactant |
| What are small, white, firm cysts that can be found on the gum margins? | Epstein pearls |
| What are extra digits, fingers or toes? | Polydactyly |
| What are missing digits, fingers or toes? | Oligodactyly |
| What are fused fingers or toes? | Syndactyly |
| What are variations in the state of consciousness of newborn infants? | Sleep-wake states |
| What are the two sleep states? | Deep and light |
| The newborn sleeps about 17 hours a day with periods of wakefulness ___________ gradually? | Increasing |
| What are the four wake states? | Drowsy, quiet alert, active alert, crying |
| What is the optimum state of arousal in which the infant can be observed smiling, responding to voices, watching faces, vocalizing and moving in synchrony? | Quiet alert |
| What is the ability of the newborn to modulate its state of consciousness, develop predictable sleep and wake states and react appropriately to stress? | State regulation |
| What is the protective mechanism that allows the infant to become accustomed to environmental stimuli? | Habituation |
| What is the quality of alert states and ability to attend to visual and auditory stimuli while alert? | Orientation |
| What is the ability of the newborn to comfort itself and reduce stress? | Consolability |
| What are the individual variations in a newborn's primary reaction pattern? | Temperament |
| What is a protective mechanism that allows the infant to become accustomed to environmental stimuli? | Habituation |
| What is the language an infant uses to signal hunger, discomfort, pain, desire for attention or fussiness? | Crying |
Created by:
mias3