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Groups 1, 7 and 0
GCSE chemistry and combined chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In terms of electrons, what do group 1 elements have in common? | 1 electron in the outer shell |
| In terms of electrons, what do group 7 elements have in common? | 7 electrons in the outer shell |
| In terms of electrons, what do group 0 elements have in common? | Full outer shell |
| What is more reactive, lithium or sodium? | Sodium |
| What is more reactive, chlorine or bromine? | Chlorine |
| Define inert | Un-reactive |
| Explain why the noble gases are inert | They have full outer shells, so do not need to gain or lose electrons |
| State the trend in the melting points of the alkali metals | Gets lower down the group |
| What state are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine at room temperature? | Gas, gas, liquid, solid |
| Balance the equation: Li + H₂O → LiOH + H₂ | 2Li + 2H₂ → 2LiOH + H₂ |
| State the trend in melting and boiling points for the halogens as you go down the group. Predict what state astatine will be. | As you go down the group melting point increases. F2 and Cl2 are gases, Br2 is a liquid, I2 is a solid. At2 will be a solid |
| How can chlorine be tested for? | Bleaches damp litmus paper white |
| Explain why the group 1 elements are called alkali metals | They are metals that form alkalis when they react with water |
| What is a displacement reaction? | A reaction in which a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound |
| Explain why the following reaction does not proceed: KBr + I₂ | Iodine is less reactive than bromine so cannot displace it |
| Balance the below equation and explain why it is a displacement reaction: KBr + Cl₂ → KCl + Br₂ | 2KBr + Cl₂ → 2KCl + Br₂ , chlorine has displaced bromine as it is more reactive |
| Explain why fluorine is more reactive than chlorine | Fewer shells/electrons, less shielding (or stronger attraction from nucleus), easier to gain electrons |
| Explain why potassium is more reactive than lithium (3 marks) | More shells/electrons, less shielding (or weaker attraction from nucleus), easier to lose electrons |
| How do halogens react with magnesium? | Mg (s) + Cl2 → MgCl2 (s) |
| What happens with halogens react with hydrogen? What is the pH when the product dissolves in water? | H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl (g) - pH will be low as forms an acid |
Created by:
JBearfield
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