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Nuclear Chem Quiz

QuestionAnswer
Radioactivity The spontaneous emission of rays of particles from certain elements. (i.e. uranium)
Nuclear Radiation The rays and particles emitted from a radioactive source
Nuclear vs. Chemical Reactions Chemical reactions start and end with stable atoms. Nuclear reactions begin with unstable radioisotopes that undergo changes in their nucleus to make them more stable.
Alpha Radiation Occurs when radioisotopes give off a helium nucleus
Alpha Radiation Symbol 4/2 He
Beta Radiation Occurs when a neutron changes into a proton and a fast moving electron
Beta Radiation Symbol 0/-1 e
Gamma Radiation Gamma rays have no mass or charge, so they do nothing to the mass or atomic # of an atom
Gamma Radiation Symbol 0/0 Y
Band of Stability A graph that shows the Proton to Neutron ratios of all stable isotopes
How many known stable isotopes are there? About 250
P:N ratio for elements with under 40 protons 1:1
P:N ratio for elements with more than 40 protons 1:1.5
Decay series An unstable isotope will continue to undergo decay until it becomes a stable isotope
Half-life The time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to decay into another isotope
Nuclear Fission The splitting of a nucleus into smaller pieces and energy is released
When does Nuclear fission occur? When the nucleus of some isotopes are bombarded with neutrons
Fission of Uranium-235 The fission of 1kg of U-235 gives off the same amount of energy as the explosion of 20,000 tons of dynamite
What happens in an uncontrolled nuclear chain? All the energy is released in a fraction of a second
Nuclear Fusion The process of combining nuclei to make a nucleus of greater mass; energy is released
Created by: MLevy44
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