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Vernon 6 Ecology 2.3
Review of Ecology and the Environment Chapter 2, Lessons 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms | biome |
| Dense forest of evergreens located in the upper regions of the Northern Hemisphere | boreal forest |
| A leafy roof formed by tall trees in a rain forest | canopy |
| The average annual conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds and clouds in an area | climate |
| A tree that produces its seeds in cones and that has needle-shaped leaves coated in a waxy substance to reduce water loss | coniferous tree |
| A tree that sheds its leaves during a particular season and grows new ones each year | deciduous tree |
| A dry region that on average receives less than 25 centimeters of precipitation per year. | desert |
| The tallest layer of the rain forest that receives the most sunlight | emergent layer |
| An area populated mostly by grasses and other nonwoody plants that gets 25 to 75 centimeters of rain each year | grassland |
| Permanently frozen soil found in the tundra biome climate region | permafrost |
| A forest that receives at least 2 meters of rain per year, mostly occurring in the tropical wet climate zone. | rain forest |
| A grassland located close to the equator that may include shrubs and small trees and receives as much as 120 centimeters of rain per year | savanna |
| An extremely cold, dry biome climate region characterized by short, cool summers and bitterly cold winters | tundra |
| A layer of shorter trees and vines that grows in the shade of a forest canopy | understory |
| A biome is a group of ecosystems with similar ___________ and organisms | climates |
| How many major biomes are there? | six |
| The climate of an area determines its biome...Climate refers to the average annual ___________________ and amount of precipitation. | temperature |
| Tundra and Desert are two biomes that receive very little ______________ | precipitation |
| Climate limits the species of _________________ that can grow in an area, which in turn limits the kinds of animals that can live there. | plants |
| A desert can have ________________________ temperatures within a 24-hour period; very hot during the day and very cold at night. | extreme |
| Organisms that live in the desert, must be adapted to little or no ______________ and to extreme temperatures | rain |
| All deserts are hot. TRUE or FALSE | False |
| The world's tropical rainforests and savannas are located near the ____________________ | equator |
| The tropical rain forest covers only a small part of the planet, but contains more species of plants and animals than all the other biomes combined. TRUE or FALSE? | True |
| Temperate rainforests differ from tropical rainforests because they are much farther north and much _________________ | cooler |
| Temperate rainforests are similar to tropical rainforests because they receive a lot of rain, have a large variety of organisms and are very _________________ | humid |
| How many distinct layers do the trees in a rainforest form? | four |
| Millions of species of _____________________ live in the tropical rain forest providing food for other organisms. | insects |
| The forest floor of a rain forest is nearly ________________ | dark |
| The emergent layer of the rainforest is the tallest because it receives the most ______________ | sun |
| Which continent is the only one without a grassland biome? | Antarctica |
| The two types of grasslands are savannas and ________________ | prairies |
| Prairies and savannas are both grasslands - but Savannas are closer to the equator and receive MORE or LESS rain than prairies? | more |
| Grasslands are home to some of the largest ____________________ on earth! | animals |
| Deciduous trees shed their _______________ and grow new ones each year. | leaves |
| The variety of plants in a deciduous forest creates many different _______________ | habitats |
| In winter, birds of the deciduous forest _________________ or fly great distances to warmer areas. | migrate |
| In winter, some mammals of the deciduous forest, _____________ or enter a state of greatly reduced body activity (similar to sleep) using energy from fat stored in their bodies. | hibernate |
| Some of the animal ____________________________of tundra mammals are large feet and thick fur. | adaptations |
| The word "boreal" means........ | northern |
| Boreal forests are sometimes called by their Russian name.... | taiga |
| Trees in a boreal forest have adaptations including seeds kept in ________________ | cones |
| Trees in a boreal forest have adaptations including leaves shaped like __________________ that have a waxy coating to protect it from water loss. | needles |
| climate in the tundra is extremely cold and _______________ | dry |
| Plant life in the tundra includes __________________, grasses, and a few types of dwarf trees. | mosses |
| Mountains are not considered part of any biome because their climate and organism differ with _____________________ | altitude |
| Greenland and _______________________ are also not part of any biome because they are covered with ice year- round | Antarctica |
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