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WHAT ARE THE FOUR FORMS OF CONTAMINATION
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created by bursting munitions or generators and the vapors are affected by the weather and can cover large areas.
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DECON STUDY STACK
CHEM DECON STUDT STACK CBOLC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHAT ARE THE FOUR FORMS OF CONTAMINATION | VAPORS, LIQUIDS, AEROSOLS, SOLIDS |
| created by bursting munitions or generators and the vapors are affected by the weather and can cover large areas. | VAPORS |
| liquid droplets that fall like rain. Droplets can range from thick and sticky to the consistency of water. | LIQUIDS |
| fine liquids or solid particles suspended in the air. They behave much like vapors. | ARESOLS |
| radioactive particles, biological spores, or dusty agents. | SOLIDS |
| Identify Contamination Hazards | Transfer, Spread, Vapor, Desorption, |
| Pick up contamination and move it from one surface to another | TRANSFER |
| liquid or chemical agents increasing the size of the contaminated area. | SPREAD |
| can be carried through the air in the form of a dust, atomized liquid (aerosols), or true gasses. | Vapor |
| Liquid-chemical contamination absorbs into porous surfaces. Once absorbed, it begins to desorb or give off gas; vapor pass out of the contaminated surface into the air and can be transferred to any surface that contacts it, including bare skin. | DESORPTION |
| WHAT ARE THE FOUR LEVELS Of DECON | IMMEDIATE, OPERATIONAL, THOROUGH, AND CLEARANCE. |
| Minimizes casualties and limits the spread or transfer of contamination. | immediate decon |
| Sustains operations by reducing the contact hazard, and eliminating or reducing the duration that MOPP equipment must be used. | Operational Decontamination |
| Reduces contamination to the lowest detectable level. The intent of thorough decontamination is to reduce or eliminate the level of MOPP | Thorough Decontamination |
| Provides decontamination to a level that allows operation to continue unrestricted. | Clearance Decontamination |
| WHAT ARE THE THREE METHODS OF DECON | NEUTRALIZATION, PHYSICAL REMOVAL, WEATHERING |
| the most widely used method of decontamination, particularly for chemical warfare (CW) agents. ______ is the reaction of the contaminating agent with other chemicals to render the agent less toxic or nontoxic. | Neutralization |
| the relocation of the contamination from one mission-critical surface to another less important location. Physical removal generally leaves the contamination in toxic form. | Physical Removal |
| processes as evaporation and irradiation to remove or destroy the contaminant. The contaminated item is exposed to natural elements (e.g., sun, wind, heat, precipitation) to dilute or destroy the contaminant to a negligible hazard. | weathering |
| the simplest and most often preferred method of decontamination, particularly for terrain and non-mission-essential buildings and roads. | Weathering |
| WHAT ARE THE FOUR PRINCIPALS OF DECON | SPEED, NEED, PRIORITY, LIMITED AREA |
| SPEED | Personnel should conduct decontamination operations as quickly as possible. Direct exposure to some CBRN, toxic industrial chemicals (TIC), or TIM agents will create casualties and could be fatal within minutes |
| Decontaminate only what is necessary. Personnel have a limited amount of resources available and should expend resources only where they are _____ | NEED, NEEDED |
| PRIORITY | Decontaminate the most essential items first; foremost will be the skin if contact occurs. Once wearing protective equipment, personnel should begin decontamination operations on clothing, equipment, and vehicles. |
| Personnel should perform decontamination near the area where the contamination occurs. This limits the spread of contamination to other areas and reduces the time spent traveling. | limited area |
| The three general types of decontaminants are | NATURAL, STANDARD, NONSTANDARD |
| NATURAL DECONTAMINANT | WEATHERING. ( WIND, RAIN, AND HUMIDIDTY |
| YOU USE SUPER TROPICAL BLEACH, HTH, AND REACTIVE SORBENT POWDER FOR WHICH KIND OF DECON? | STANDARD DECONTAMINANT |
| SOAP, CAUSTIC SODA, DETERGENT, BLEACH, AMMONIA, AND OTHER CHEMICALS. | NON STANDARD DECONTAIMINANT |
| Weathering gradually decomposes CW agents by | aeration, hydrolysis, and evaporation. |
| Decontamination by weathering depends on | the persistency of the agent, its composition, climatic condition, and the type of surface. |
| Natural weathering of chemical agents is | the simplest method of decontamination and the preferred method. |
| STANDARD DECON MATERIALS | Super Tropical Bleach (STB), High-Test Bleach (HTB), Reactive Sorbent Power in M295 IEDK and M100 SDS |
| Non-standard decontaminants | Ammonia (NH3), Caustic Soda Solution (sodium hydroxide),Washing Soda (sodium carbonate) Sodium Hypochlorite (Clorox bleach) |
| Super tropical bleach (STB) DESCRIPTION | 50 lb can; White Powder Calcium Oxide and Chlorinated Lime Effective Against Lewisite, V, G and Biological Agents Will spontaneously ignite in presence of DS2 or Blister Agents HAZMAT |
| TWO Supper Tropical Bleach Mixtures | SLURRY AND DRY MIX |
| Calcium Hypochlorite = Chlorine Bleach | Used in Swimming Pools and Industrial Processes May be liquid or powder Use for 5% - 10% solution for CBW Decon Effective against mustard, Lewisite, V and all bio agents Commercially Available |
| ____ is a free-flowing, reactive, highly absorptive powder manufactured from aluminum oxide. | Reactive Sorbent Powder is |
| The M100 SDS replaces the | M11 and M13 decontamination apparatuses, portable (DAPs) that were employed in spray-down operations associated with immediate decontamination. |
| Each M100 SDS consists of two | 0.7-pound packs of reactive sorbent powder, two wash mitt type Sorbent applicators, a case, straps, and detailed instructions. |
| The M100 SDS uses a | reactive sorbent powder to remove chemical agents from surfaces. |
| The use of the M100 SDS decreases | decontamination time and eliminates the need for water. |
| Caustic Soda Solution (NaOH-) Sodium hydroxide | Sodium hydroxide in a 10% solution will break down most CBW agents. Should not be used in decontaminating skin. |
| Washing Soda (NaCO3-): Sodium Carbonate Slurry | can be used to decontaminate G-agents and CN, but is does not destroy Blister agents. Apply solution or slurry to the contaminated surface for 5 minutes and wash off. |
| ___ is a water solution of ammonia. Ammonia or its water solution is an effective decontaminant for several chemical agents. Ammonia may be used to decontaminate the G agents; however, it is slower acting than caustic soda. | (NH3) or Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH) |
| _____bleach is 2 to 6 percent sodium hypochlorite in water. | Household Bleach |
| For vehicle wash down, household bleach will | corrode the metal parts of vehicles. |
| household bleach could be used for vehicle wash down when | the lack of water is a concern and a 5 percent available chlorine solution is needed |
| Bleach is useful to decontaminate all types of microorganisms and | most chemical agents. |
| Immediate decontamination techniques are initiated without ____ | any command, when there is contamination on the bare skin by using the personal skin decontamination technique. |
| Decontaminate the hood, mask, gloves, and weapon using the | individual equipment decontamination kit (M295 IEDK). |
| To remove radiological contamination from equipment and personnel, brush it off and wash the area with | soap and water. |
| what are the four immediate decontamination techniques | skin, personal wipe down, operator wipe down, spot decon |
| Operator wipe down | Decontaminate other mission-essential surfaces of the equipment before continuing the mission. Operators wipe down is most effective when done within 15 minutes of contamination. |
| operation decon steps | Decontaminate the surfaces that must be touched on the exterior of the vehicle or the equipment with the M100 Sorbent Decon System. If the M100 SDS is unavailable, scrub the surfaces with super tropical bleach (STB) to decontaminate the equipment. |
| Spot Decon | Aircrews and aircraft ground support crews can use spot decontamination as an immediate measure to remove contamination from critical locations. |
| we use ____ to limit the spread of contamination on aircraft that requires servicing between sorties. | spot decon |
| Decontaminate Yourself Using | RSDL Skin Decon Kit |
| Assume MOPP 3 | Decontaminate your skin using the RSDL Decon applicator pads |
| Assume MOPP 4. | Remove the Decon Lotion with a paper towel when operational conditions permit. Dispose of hazardous waste materials IAW Unit SOP. |
| Decontaminate Your Individual Equipment Using | the M295 IEDK |
| Protecting yourself from CBRN injury or contamination using | your mission oriented protective posture (MOPP) gear. |
| step will be performed in sequence to achieve MOPP IV within eight minutes. | Put on MOPP gear (MOPP I) Put on protective overshoes (MOPP II) Don your protective mask (MOPP III) Put on chemical protective gloves (MOPP IV) |
| OVER HEATING, COLD WEATHER, LOW BALANCE | Safety Considerations |
| Monitor, notify cadre, hydrate are forms of | overheating |
| Dress appropriately for climate | cold weather |
| Lean against tree or building | losing balance |
| limits the spread and transfer of contamination, allows temporary relief from MOPP4, and facilitates additional decontamination requirements. | operational decon |
| By speeding up the weathering process, the need for a thorough decontamination may be | eliminated. |
| This process will likely require about a 120-square-yard area (depending on the number of contaminated vehicles) and may not require a nearby water source. | weathering |
| An operational decontamination consists of | vehicle wash down and MOPP gear exchange. |
| Operational Decon consists of two operations what are they? | Vehicle Washdown Element, MOPP Exchange Element |
| may be conducted with or without standard decontamination equipment in a one- or two-lane configuration. | vehicle washdown element |
| The capacity to heat water and inject soap increases the effectiveness during | vehicle washdown |
| A supported wash down requires decontamination equipment assets that are | organic to the unit or from a supporting decontamination unit. |
| A MOPP gear exchange can be done with | buddy team, a triple buddy team, or an individual (emergency). |
| For planning purposes, estimate _____ minutes for a squad or a platoon-size element to complete the exchange. | 30 |
| Since individual performance is severely degraded after 6 hours at MOPP4, the MOPP gear exchange should be scheduled | before 6 hours |
| OBJECTIVE OF OPERATIONAL DECON: | REDUCE THE LEVEL OF CONTAMINATION TO REGENERATE COMBAT POWER |
| GAINS of operational decon | LIMITS TRANSFER HAZARDS BY REMOVING GROSS CONTAMINATION SPEEDS WEATHERING PROCESS ALLOWS TEMPORARY RELIEF FROM MOPP 4 ALLOWS FLEXIBILITY FOR MULTIPLE DECON SITES |
| LIMITATIONS of operational decon | DOES NOT GUARANTEE CONDITIONS TO SAFELY ALLOW UNMASKING ON OR NEAR EQUIPMENT PLATOONS OR COMPANIES ROTATE SQUAD SIZE ELEMENTS THROUGH DECON SITE ONE AT A TIME |
| what is the most effective type of decontamination, but it is also time and resource intensive. | Thorough decontamination operations |
| the methods that various decontamination units use to layout of a thorough decontamination site are determined by | METT-TC. |
| after the unit moves out of the decon site they may undergo | reconstitution to prepare for future operations. |
| ___________decon reduces and sometimes eliminate contamination from equipment and personnel, and it allows for the MOPP level to be reduced. | Thorough |
| Operators and crew members must perform on their equipment since there is a risk of residual contamination. | periodic checks |
| A thorough decontamination site consists of the following areas: | Pre-decontamination staging area. Equipment Decontamination area. Troop Decontamination area. Post-decontamination AA. |
| There should be an alternate route for for vehicles that have been decontaminated but | did not pass the M8 paper or JCAD test. |
| who selects the location of the post decon assembly area (AA) (1) ensure the AA is big enough for the supported unit. (2) Ensure the AA provides good cover and concealment. (3) Locate the AA .62 miles upwind from the DTD | PL - YOU |
| The supported unit is responsible for | site safety and overall control. |
| The Decontamination Leader is responsible for | operating the pre-decontamination area and for processing vehicles. |
| , the actual decontamination operation begins when ? | After linkup is achieved and all support assets are in position, |
| who supervises the decontamination operation. | The Decontamination Platoon Leader, with help from the commander of the contaminated unit |
| Thorough decon usually performed when ? | 1) after combat operations in the BDE Rear area, 2) just before unit reconstitution or 3) after passage of lines. |
| who are responsible for setting up, operating, and closing the DED portion of the thorough decontamination operation. This process reduces contamination to ‘negligible risk’ or MOPP 0 [1 bar or less on ICAM]. | Decontamination units |
| how many stations are there to establish a detailed troop decon site? | 8 |
| station 1 of DTD | Individual gear decon |
| station 2 of DTD | Overboot and hood decon |
| station 3 of DTD | Overgarment removal |
| station 4 of DTD | Overboot and glove removal |
| station 5 of DTD | Monitor |
| station 6 of DTD | Mask Removal |
| station 7 of DTD | Mask decon point |
| station 8 of DTD | Reissue point |
| what size elements task organize for detailed troop decontamination briefings | squad size |
| who assigns DTD stations | squad leader |
| what 3 things should individuals know about their station ? | 1) What station they have and what is performed there, 2) How many Soldiers are needed to run their station, 3) what typical equipment is used at their station. |
| The evacuation of patients under CBRN conditions forces the unit commander to consider how he will | commit evacuation assets to enter the contaminated area. |
| On the modern battlefield, land forces have three basic modes of evacuating patients which are | personnel, ground vehicles, and aircraft |
| ____ may also be used to conduct patient evacuation for waterborne forces. | Watercrafts |
| Cumbersome MOPP gear, climate, increased workloads, and fatigue will greatly reduce | the effectiveness of the unit personnel. |
| Using the personnel to physically carry patients incurs a great deal of | inherent stress. |
| 4 Triage of contaminated casualties are | Immediate, Delayed, Minimal, or Expectant. |
| Use ground ambulances instead of ______ in contaminated areas; they are more plentiful, are easier to decontaminate, and are easier to replace. | air ambulances |
| The evacuation of casualties with combined injuries requires ______while on route to a surgical unit and autoinjector treatment should be continued if signs of poisoning persist or worsen | careful observation |
| Evacuating contaminated patients increases the likelihood that | the contamination will spread and the patient will be expose to the agent. |
| Some _____ may be restricted to contaminated areas. | helicopters |
| ______ vehicles should be used to cross the line separating clean and contaminated areas | Ground vehicles |
| The routes used by ground vehicles to cross between contaminated and clean areas are considered | dirty routes and should not be crossed by clean vehicles |
| You should Consider the effects of _____ and ____ upon contaminants | wind and time upon the contaminants; |
| some agents will remain for _________ of time. | extended periods |
| Always keep the of the helicopters in mind when evacuating patients, especially in a contaminated environment. | rotor wash |
| A helicopter must not land too close to a decontamination station (especially upwind) why ? | because any trace of contaminants in the rotor wash will compromise the decontamination procedure. |
| Smaller, battalion level MTFs are not staffed to perform | patient thorough decontamination and medical treatment. |
| Patient thorough decontamination must be performed by who ? | nonmedical personnel from the supported units or units located within the base cluster or in vicinity of the MTF, and are supervised by the medical personnel. |
| The minimum number of personnel required for basic PDS operation is | 16 |
| Larger MTFs will require greater numbers of personnel as they will need to process ________ | greater numbers of patients |
| If the MTFs are located near the troop decontamination units, coordination can be made to co-locate medical patient decontamination and nonmedical troop decontamination side by side to share _____ | assets |
| ______ is the lowest level that this operation can be effectively planned. | brigade |
| _______operation requires close coordination between the brigade chemical officer, brigade S-4, brigade surgeon, and medical company commander. | Contaminated Patient Evacuation |
| Patient thorough decontamination involves decontamination procedures for | litter and ambulatory patients. |
| what are the steps for patient medical stabilization, | the removal of clothing, wash down, and mask removal before entry into the MTF. |
| Field decontamination equipment sets provide what ? | buckets, sponges, liquid soap, HTB for a shuffle pit and hypochlorite solution preparation, litters, and litter stands. |
| Teams for deconning a liter patient consist of how many people ? | 8 |
| Decontaminate the patient’s skin, bandages, wounds, mask, identification tags with chain, and splints by wiping them with the | 0.5 percent chlorine solution |
| Place the bandage scissors in a container of__________ between each use. | five percent chlorine solution |
| Decontaminate gloves and aprons with | five percent chlorine solution. |
| Contaminated casualties entering the medical treatment system are decontaminated through a | decentralized process |
| Cross contamination risk to casualties, evacuation and treatment personnel are greatly ______ by earlier removal of gross contamination from casualties | reduced |
| Removal of contaminated clothing and equipment can provide significant ________ to the entire medical/evacuation process. | hazard reduction |
| Patient decontamination stations are established where ? | at the field medical treatment facilities (MTF) |
| According to ATP 4-02.7, non-medical members of the supported units man these stations under medical supervision. | decon of a casualty |
| ______ is required to prevent further injury to the patient and to provide emergency medical treatment during the decontamination process. | medical supervison |
| Decontamination is accomplished as quickly as possible to facilitate medical treatment, prevent the patient from | absorbing additional agent, and reduce the spread of chemical contamination |
| Prepare for Patient decon and evacuation by | Determining the extent of service the patient needs. |
| __________ requires an ambulance, either air or ground, in the decontamination site awaiting transportation to a medical company’s clearing station or a corps hospital for treatment. | A lesser degree of injury |
| ______ requires transportation out of the decon site on a litter to a collective protective shelter. | Patient’s with serious degree of injury |
| The standard decontaminant for the patient and mask is the _____ | RSDL kit, and a five percent chlorine solution for the equipment. |
| _____ prescribes wartime mission, organization, and equipment requirements for a unit. | Table of Organization and Equipment |
| _____ specifies the normal tasks the unit is designed to perform and the capabilities the unit has to accomplish it’s mission | A TOE |
| ____ a modified version of the TOE that prescribes the unit organization, personnel, and equipment necessary to perform a mission in a specific geographical or operational environment. | Modified Table of Organization and Equipment |
| _______ is an authorization document | The MTOE |
| ____ is not an authorization document. | The TOE |
| The MTOE is the base document for: | Preparing personnel and equipment requisitions Distributing personnel and equipment resources Unit Status Reporting Preparing supply and maintenance records and reports |
| equipment used for “Light” Decon Platoon | HMMWV Truck/FMTV M26’s JSTDS-SS Other major items |
| _____ platoons Can Set Up One Thorough or Two Operational Decontamination Sites | Decon Platoons |
| Thorough Decontamination is Capable of Decontaminating -____ Vehicles Per Hour | 8 |
| equipment "area support" decon platoon uses | HMMWV Truck/FMTV Trailers M12A1 PDDA’s Other major items |
| ____ provide a myriad of capabilities to the warfighter. Most significant is their ability to dispense high-pressure water for physical removal of contamination. | Power-driven decon systems |
| Common light decon systems you will encounter are | M26 Joint Service Transportable Decon System-Small Scale. (2009) Karcher Multipurpose Decon System (MPDS). (2003) M17 Lightweight Decontamination System (1980’s) |
| M26 Joint Service Transportable Decon System-Small Scale was made in what year | 2009 |
| Karcher Multipurpose Decon System (MPDS). was made in what year | 2003 |
| M17 Lightweight Decontamination System was made in what year ? | 1980's |
| Karcher Multi-Purpose Decontamination System [COTS, old] atake how many people to lift | 4 man lift |
| Karcher Multi-Purpose Decontamination System [COTS, old] uses what kind of engine and fuel? | Diesel engine and heater-single fuel use |
| _____ uses diesel fuel to operate, only requiring a 0.5 gallons per hour for the engine. The heater also uses diesel from the small fuel can, and requires approx. 3.5 gallons of diesel per hour to heat water. | M26 |
| M26 weighs how many lbs ? | 562lbs |
| Can two Soldiers lift the M26 onto the back of a Humvee trailer? | No because the M26 weighs 562lbs, use more soldiers or a forklift. |
| ____ add the additional capability to conduct mobile decontamination | Army’s heavy decon system |
| A heavy system has a dedicated vehicle platform to conduct | terrain and fixed site decontamination. |
| Common heavy decon systems you will encounter are: | M12A1 Power Driven Decon Apparatus (PDDA) (1960’s, but upgraded in 2003) Falcon Fixed Site Decontamination System (FSDS) (2002) Assassin High Mobility Decon System. (2008) |
| _____ can be used for operational decon (vehicle washdown) or for thorough decontamination (detailed equipment decontamination), as well as pumping other fluids. | The M-12 PDDA - Power-Driven Decontaminating Apparatus |
| ____ has two discharge hoses, each spraying water at the rate of 25 gallons per minute (GPM), of a total of 50 GPM when operating with two spray personnel. To heat water, the M2 Heater uses diesel, but can also run on alternate fuels. | The M12 PDDA - Power-Driven Decontaminating Apparatus |
| M-12 Decon Apparatus Consists of | water tank, water heater, personnel shower assembly and pump. |
| 2 wands spray ____ or _____ at 25 gpm ea. Wand, 50 gpm utilizing both spray wands (normal operation). | water or slurry |
| How many gallons per minute does the M12A1 PDDA spray water while using both spray wands? | 25 gallons per minute (GPM), of a total of 50 GPM |
| how many soldier can the M12A1 Power-Driven Decontaminating Apparatus shower at the same time | 24 |
| The FSDS system is mostly obsolete / unsupported due to ___ | cost |
| The FSDS system primary function is | is to provide a decontamination capability for Aerial Ports and Sea Ports of Debarkation (APOD/SPOD). |
| the FSDS SYSTEM HAS HOW MANY MODES ? | 3 |
| Only one mode of operation is possible at one time FOR WHAT SYSTEM ? | FSDS |
| To decontaminate horizontal surfaces (staging areas, docks, and roads) WHAT SHOULD YOU USE ? | rear spray bar is the primary mode of operation |
| To decontaminate buildings, structures and containers WHAT SHOULD YOU USE ? | the deck gun |
| The 100’ spray hose will be used to augment the deck gun and also will be available for close access into what ? | smaller areas, vehicles, aircraft and to perform self-decon of the system. |
| FSDS SYSTEM primary decontaminate is _______ | Decontamination Foam 200 (DF200). |
| DF200 is supplied as a three-part solution WHAT ARE THE 3 PARTS ? | Part A, Part B and the Activator (Part C). |
| The FALCON system is configured with a trailer that contains ____ separate storage tanks for the solution. | 3 |
| THE FSDS HAS TWO ______ tanks, one each for parts A and B, and a 30-gallon tank for the activator. | 500-gallon |
| Order of application for FSDS will be from | the top down and from left to right. |
| Attention must be made to places of _______ and any areas where contamination could collect such as around ventilation equipment, heating and cooling equipment etc | entry or exits |
| Ascertain wind direction to determine start point for decontamination operation (start upwind) when working with | Building and Vertical Surfaces: |
| Determine areas where runoff from decon will occur and apply addition _______ to reduce agent concentrations. | decon solution in these areas |
| __________ is the Humvee-mounted version of the Falcon. | The Tactical High-Mobility Decon System |
| This powerful heavy decon system incorporates an 80-foot (24 m) hose reel, front and rear-mounted terrain decontamination capabilities, and a roof-mounted monitor for equipment and infrastructure decontamination operations. | High Mobility Decontamination System |
| Does the M26 JSTDS-SS use Unleaded Gasoline? | No, the engine and heater can use diesel or JP-8 only |
| What decon personnel is typically found in a maneuver headquarters to conduct vehicle washdown? | A headquarters decon specialist is typically assigned two light decon systems to perform vehicle washdown. |
| Do the Falcon FSDS or the Assassin HMDS require the decon foam to be heated for application? | No, the CAF unit sprays foam solutions which do not require heating. |
| ____ is essentially a map reconnaissance that is based on the supported commander’s plan. | The pre-selection decontamination sites |
| Preselected sites should be _________ but just off main routes for easy access. | within an avenue of approach, |
| Close proximity to _____________ is also important | rivers, streams, or other water sources |
| Decon Site Location Characteristics | Decon Type Good overhead cover & concealment Road network Adequate space for equipment Downwind of friendly troops Site Drainage Terrain Mission Availability of water source(s) Presence or absence of contamination |
| ____ the process of identifying those individuals, vehicles, aircraft, ships, ships spaces, or items of equipment that require decontamination. Only the identified elements are to be processed through the decontamination site. | Decontamination triage |
| Detailed Equipment Decon (DED) consist of how many stations? | 5 |
| station 1 for DED -DETAILED EQUPMENT DECON | Primary Wash |
| station 2 for DED | Decontaminant Application |
| station 3 for DED | Contact Time/Interior Decon |
| station 4 for DED | RINSE |
| station 5 for DED | CHECK |
| WHO SELECTS THE POST DECON STAGING AREA ? | CHEMICAL UNIT LEADER |
| ____ MUST BE BIG ENOUGH TO HOLD THE ENTIRE UNIT UNDERGOING DECON | POST DECON STAGING AREA |
| POST DECON STAGING AREA MUST PROVIDE | PROPER COVER AND CONCEALMENT |
| POST DECON SHOULD BE LOCATED HOW MANY MILES UPWIND FROM DED AND DTD | 0.62 MILES |
| should be easy to find at night. Must have cover and concealment. Be off natural lines of drift. Must offer access and escape routes. Should be out of visual range of Decon Site | LINK UP POINT |
| All decontamination missions need a _______ who requests decon support to their higher headquarters and eventually gives you [the decon platoon leader] the mission. | contaminated unit |
| A decon request you receive from higher has critical information in it and serves as a good | warning order |
| Designation of the contaminated unit Location of the contaminated unit Time the unit became contaminated Time the unit can move to link-up point and begin decon | essential elements of information including in warno |
| Type of contamination Number and types of vehicles contaminated, and number of personnel requiring decon Special requirements Supported (contaminated) unit frequency and call-sign | essential elements of information including in warno |
| who Makes contact with contaminated unit’s commander. Verify information from your decon request or frago, such as # of contaminated vehicles and personnel, call signs and SOI, grid location of Decon Site’s link-up point, challenges and passwords. | platoon leader |
| Once the decon platoon has arrived to prepare the site, the Decon PL moves to the linkup point, to coordinate with who ? | supporting elements . (MPs, Engineer, Security, Augmentee’s, ADA, Medical, etc) |
| Along with the command post, controls the dirty unit movement to Linkup point. Briefs element and supervises the flow of vehicles into the decon site is the job of who | PL |
| who Supervises the Pre-decon Staging Area. Ensures that contaminated unit performs pre-decon actions. | PL |
| Describe Decon Site Security | Security for a Decon Site is the responsibility of the contaminated unit. However, initial site security must be performed by the Decon unit until augmentees from the contaminated unit arrive. |
| All roads leading into the AA that are not necessary for AA operations should be blocked with obstacles and covered with overlapping fields of fire. Obstacles may be natural or man-made | OBSTACLES OF DECON SECURITY SITE |
| Establish crew served fighting positions that cover the most likely enemy avenues of approach and continuously occupy. Range cards must be prepared and present, so that new guard shifts are aware of their responsibilities in securing the Decon Site. | Fighting Positions of decon site security |
| The Decon Unit may establish LP/OPs in the vicinity of the Decon Site. Should be placed along the most likely enemy avenues of approach. Should be placed far enough away from the AA to provide adequate warning to the Decon Unit | Listening Posts (LPs) and/or Observation Posts (OPs) decon site security |
| three things to consider for decon site security | obstacles, fighting positions, LP/OP |
| LP/OP SHOULD BE PLACED WHERE ? | FAR ENOUGH AWAY FROM THE AA TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE WARNING TO DECON UNIT |
| Decon operations are ____ restricted to daylight hours | NOT |
| NBC contamination encountered at night may require decon WHEN? | before daylight. |
| weather conditions are usually more favorable for ENEMY employment when | at night |
| what are The Challenges of Night Decontamination? | Vehicles awaiting or undergoing decon present a significant infrared “signature” due to the hot engines. To enter, exit, and move within the decon site is difficult under blackout conditions. |
| White light” cannot be used without possibly revealing your location. M8/M9 detector paper color changes, if contamination is present, cannot be seen if red-filtered light is used. Controlling the site. Limited communication | Night Decon Challenges |
| Whenever possible, conduct thorough-decon where at night ? | in built-up areas. Use a building for DTD operations Use a warehouse for DED operations. This allows for the use of white light. Use additional soldiers to act as ground guides in the DED area. |
| There should be at least ___ flashlights at each station in both the DED and DTD areas. | 2 |
| Use plenty of chemical lights to help soldiers identify _____ | clean and contaminated areas. |
| the goal of DAD - DETAILED AIRCRAFT DECON IS TO | reduce contamination hazards to a negligible risk level so that air and ground crews can operate the aircraft without protective measures. |
| WHAT ARE NOT SAFE FOR USE ON AIRCRAFT ? | STB, bleaches, and sodium hypochlorite |
| ______ used during Operational and Thorough Decon. | SOAP AND WATER |
| fuel, kerosene, JP8, and diesel can be used as ______ on selected parts of the aircraft. | spot decontaminants |
| Certain areas of aircraft can not be sprayed with | DIRECT WATER PRESSURE |
| FOR _______ , ensure that canopy is down before decontaminating the aircraft. | FIXED WING AIRCRAFT |
| FLIGHT CONTROLL AREAS, ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATOR, TAIL LANDING GEAR, | NO DIRECT WATER PRESSURE FOR UH60A |
| PILOT TUBE, AIR DATA SENSOR AND MAIN ROTOR TRANSMISSION, TADS-PNVS TURRET | NO DIRECT WATER PRESSURE FOR AH-64 |
| ROTOR SYSTEM AVIONICS, ENGINE, TRANSMISSION | NO DIRECT WATER PRESSURE FOR CH-47 |
| Examples of Fixed Sites which may require decontamination | communications, and intelligence facilities. Ports and airfields. Medical Treatment Facilities MTFs. v) Ammunition supply points Maintenance sites. |
| _____ is necessary when protective items cannot be worn in performing the mission or when long-term occupancy is anticipated. | decon |
| __________ need to be decontaminated to reduce the hazard and the spread of contamination, limit casualties, and minimize operational degradation | personnel and equipment |
| Decontaminate as soon as possible Decontaminate only what is necessary. Decontaminate by priority Decon as far forward as possible to limit the spread of contamination | Principles of decontamination for fixed sites |
| Decon of building requires a | well thoughout process |
| a building consist of ___ parts what are they | 2 parts interior and exterior |
| When decontaminating the building interior, the following activities must occur: | Secure the facility; sample/detect the extent of the contamination; isolate dirty areas; decontaminate methodically; continue monitoring to protect against low-level exposure risks; document and record your decon operation. |
| Fixed site installations are vulnerable | crbn attaccks |
| __________ will determine a suitable location for a fixed site contamination control area (CCA), and the toxic-free area (TFA) complex. | Vulnerability assessment |
| safe areas may be established | on or off the installation. |
| Off-site. If the installation has multiple heavily contaminated areas after an attack, the pre-selected sites would be designated at least | 10Km away, and at least 15Km away from populated areas |
| 10Km away, and at least 15Km away from populastion why ? | Because of inherent vulnerability, |
| do not plan the off-site CCA and TFA if there is | a threat of further attack or terrorists. |
| If the tactical situation won’t allow off-site CCA, or if the area is too populated, then | on-site process needs to be planned |
| the installation must possess a reliable detection network because | agents tend to follow the low-lying areas of the ground. |
| Establish CONTAMINATION CONTROL AREAS (CCAs) and TOIX FACILITIES AREA (TFAs) where ? | on uncontaminated hilltops, ridges, or multistoried buildings. |
| ______ provides more long-term rather than short-term benefits. | A terrain decon |
| speeding up the _____ may allow you to reduce your MOPP level a little sooner, for example, in 2 days instead of 4 or 5. | weathering process |
| The most effective techniques for a terrain decon are | natural methods (weathering or aging). |
| Terrain decon can be so expensive and so ineffective that you should consider | relocating |
| weathering, removing/covering, neutralizing, burning, exploding, flushing,clearing | Identify Terrain Decon Methods |
| does not destroy it, but it does keep the hazards away from you temporarily | removing/ covering |
| works well against chemically contaminated vegetation. | burning |
| _____ can be used to blow up areas that are chemically contaminated | expolding |
| ____ with large quantities of water removes contamination. | flushing |
| To clear passageways, remove the contaminated layers covering the terrain. | clearing |
| True or false: MOPP gear may be removed immediately after performing terrain decon. | false |
| ______ must ensure supplies are available for their trained teams to establish the DTD to help their contaminated personnel. | the battalion chemical officer and NCO |
| whos responsibility to operate the DTD site | battalion |
| Under a CBRN threat, battalions will stock their DTD materials at the | battalion forward support company and/or the brigade support battalion area. |
| true or false . The detailed equipment decontamination is performed at the same location as the DTD. | true |
| ______ must have access to natural or public waters sources-otherwise an in depth plan to coordinate for water from the supporting support battalion is needed. | DED DTD |
| WHO sets up, supplies decontaminants, and conduct DED. | CHEMICAL PLATOON |
| A decon platoon typically carries enough decontaminants to service | ONE COMPANY (16 VEHICLES) |
| The chemical platoon is resupplied through WHO | ITS PARENT UNIT |
| _____ NEEDS 4 gallons of liquid detergent, 240gallons of DF200 (48ea 5-gal containers) and 10ea 50-pound drums of STB. If DF200 is unavailable, then a total of 30ea 50-pound drums of STB will be used during chemical decontamination. | DED |
| The two major spray apparatus fielded in the Army are | the heavy M12A1 PDDA, and the lighter M26 JSTDS. |
| sprays significantly more water than the M26. | The M12A1 |
| gallons of water needed for vehicle decontamination in the FM 3-11.5 are for unit with the heavy M12A1 PDDA ____the M26 JSTDS | NOT |
| _______ must know how to accurately calculate water needs for a decon mission to determine if internal water TPU trucks are sufficient, or if additional water tankers must be coordinated for. | DECON PLATOON LEADER |
| : At station one, your platoon will spray a vehicle with Hot Soapy Water (HSW) and rinse water for a total of | 4 to 6 minutes, utilizing 200 to 300 gallons of water per vehicle at station 1 |
| At station four, your platoon will rinse a tank for | 12 minutes, utilizing 600 gallons of water per tank at station 4. |
| The M26 JSTDS is used with a single spray wand at station | 1 AND 4 |
| _____ the most common standard decontaminant used for chemical decontamination | BLEACH |
| chemical destruction cannot occur effectively IF THE SOLUTION IS | TOO WEAK |
| if the solution is too strong | equipment may be damaged. |
| Most chemical decontamination operations will use a bleach solution with | 5% chlorine, which is also the same as commercially available household bleach |
| SLURRY, DRY MIX, 4 - 6% SOLUTION | Super Tropical Bleach Mixtures |
| 6 gallons water to 50 pounds of STB | SLURRY |
| 2 parts STB to 3 parts earth (dirt or sand) | DRY MIX |
| 5 pounds STB to 12 gallons water | 4-6 PERCENT SOLUTION |
| SLURRY,10% SOLUTION, 5% SOLUTION, 0.5% SOLUTION , DRY MIX | High Test Hypochlorite or High Test Bleach (HTH/HTB) Mixtures |
| Mix 10Lbs of washing soda with 12 gallons of water for 10% solution. | Washing Soda (Sodium Carbonate) for G-Agents (good on aircraft) Mixture |
| , mix 10lbs of lye with 12 gallons of water in a steel or iron container, never aluminum, zinc or tin. Add lye to water. | Caustic Soda (Sodium Hydroxide ‘lye’, or Potassium Hydroxide) Mixture |
| Platoon leader determines if the mission is within platoon’s capability BY DOING WHAT | 1) Coordinates for support based upon resources available. 2) Requests support if mission exceeds platoon’s capability. 3) If mission can be performed, continue planning. |
| TLP FOR DECON OPERATIONS | Platoon leader issues warning order makes a tentative plan and map recon. conducts reconnaissance |
| Recon team will check to ensure that the site | Has an ample supply of, or access to, water - Has natural cover and concealment - Has good drainage - Has good accessibility for all types of vehicles - Has a Predecon staging area relative to the size of contaminated unit. |
| _______ identifies the layout of the site, dirty routes into and clean routes exiting site, resupply routes, and troop decon location. | RECON TEAMS |
| ______ moves to the site and checks it consistent with the enemy threat and CBRN battlefield hazards. Checks and monitors site for contamination and wind direction | RECON TEAMS |
| _____ Draws a sketch of site indicating major site features and roads/trails, and is oriented based upon North direction | RECON TEAM |
| During Pre-Combat Inspections, does the platoon leader inspect all Soldiers equipment? | No, the PL must ensure the squad leaders and PSG are doing this by randomly inspecting Soldiers and their equipment |
| Are platoon communication nets establish before or after departing for a mission | radio nets are established prior to departure |
| What should the decontamination platoon leader do if the received mission is beyond the platoon’s capability? | The leader should request the additional resources required to complete the mission. |
| During the mission preparation (PMCS/PCI) phases, what are some items that the platoon leader checks? | ensures that the leaders have the correct maps, ensures that the leaders have the correct operation instructions and the communication nets are established and made operational, and conducts spot checks of the crew and the individual soldier's equipmenT |
| NON PERSISTANT AGENTS | GA,GB,GD,GF |
| PERSISTANT AGENTS | VX, HD, HN |
Created by:
DIMAN1