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Inherited traits
Punnets and pedigrees
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance or visible traits. |
| Genotype | An organism's genetic makeup, the allele combinations. |
| Trait | A specific characteristic that an organism can pass to its offspring through its genes. |
| Dominant Allele | An allele that is always expressed (shows up as phenotype) if the dominant allele is present. |
| Recessive Allele | An allele that is hidden if a dominant is present and can only express if no dominant allele is present. |
| Ratio | A way to show a relationship or compare two numbers of the same kind. We use ratios to compare things of the same type. For example we can use a ration in a punnet square to determine the probability of a gene being expressed. |
| Probability | How likely it is that something will happen, usually expressed as a percentage. |
| Heterozygous | Genes come in pairs, called alleles. If the two alleles are different from each other, then they are heterozygous or different, such a Tt. |
| Homozygous | Genes come in pairs, called alleles. If the two alleles are identical to each other, then they are homozygous or same, such a WW. |
| Punnett Square | A mathematical tool used to determine the probability of an allele being inherited. |
| Genetics | The scientific study of heredity. |
| Gene | A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait |
| Allele | Different forms of a gene |