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Jared Henry
cell vocabulary words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic. |
| Cell Theory | that living organisms are made up of cells, that they are the basic structural/organizational unit of all organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells. |
| Organelle(s) | any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell |
| Organism | an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form. |
| Cytology | the branch of biology concerned with the structure and function of plant and animal cells. Nucleus-a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material |
| Nucleus | a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material. |
| Diffusion | the action of spreading the light from a light source evenly so as to reduce glare and harsh shadows |
| Osmosis | a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, thus equalizing the concentrations on each side of the membrane. |
| Semi-permable | (of a material or membrane) allowing certain substances to pass through it but not others, especially allowing the passage of a solvent but not of certain solutes. |
| Mitochondria | an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae). |
| Cell Wall | a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In algae and higher plants it consists mainly of cellulose |
| Viruses | an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host. |
| Centriole(s) | a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division. |
| Chloroplast(s) | (in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. |
| Phylum | a principal taxonomic category that ranks above class and below kingdom. |
| Ribosomes | a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis. |
| Pinocytosis | the ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane. |
Created by:
xjah6