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8th Chemistry
Part 1: Atomic Structure and Periodic Table Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atom | The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still have the properties of that element. |
| proton | A positively – charged particle that is located in the nucleus of an atom. |
| neutron | A particle with no charge that is located in the nucleus of the atom. |
| electron | A negatively – charged particle that is located outside of the nucleus of the atom. |
| nucleus | The center of an atom, containing the protons and neutrons. |
| electron cloud | The region inside an atom where electrons may be found. |
| energy level | A specific area in an atom at a definite distance from the nucleus. |
| valence electrons | The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom. |
| atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| atomic mass | The average mass of one atom of an element. |
| electric charge | The sum of the charges within an atom. |
| compound | A substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined. |
| Periodic Table of Elements | A chart where all of the elements are arranged according to their atomic number and properties |
| group | A vertical column of elements on the periodic table. |
| period | A horizontal row of elements on the periodic table. |
| physical property | A property of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of the matter. |
| chemical property | A property of a substance that is based on its ability to react with another substance. |
| metal | An element that is shiny, ductile, malleable, and a good conductor. |
| nonmetal | An element that is not shiny, ductile or malleable and is not a good conductor. |
| metalloid | An element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals. |
| matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space. |
| energy | The ability to do work. |