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Chapter 4 Review
Integrated Science Chapter 4 Work and Energy Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. total amount of kinetic and potential energy in a system | mechanical energy |
| 2. the ability to cause change | energy |
| 3. stored energy due to position | stored energy due to position |
| 4. energy in the form of motion | kinetic energy |
| 5. Energy cannot be created or destroyed | law of conservation of energy |
| 6. does work with only one movement of the machine | simple machine |
| 7. energy stored in chemical bonds | chemical potential energy |
| 8. ratio of output work to input work | efficiency |
| 9. energy stored by things that are above earth | gravitational potential energy |
| 10. SI unit of energy | joule |
| 11. force applied through a distance | work |
| Concept Review 1. The amount of kinetic energy a moving object has depends on its mass and its ________. | velocity |
| 2. The potential energy of an object depends on its _________. | position |
| 3. The energy stored in foods and fuels is __________ potential energy. | chemical |
| 4. The law of__________ states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. | conservation of energy |
| 5. A compound machine is a combination of two or more ____________. | simple machines |
| 6. The number of times a machine multiplies the effort force is the __________ of the machine. | mechanical advantage |
| 7. You convert kinetic energy into thermal energy when you rub two sticks together because of ________. | friction |
| 8. The total energy of a system remains _____________. | constant |
| 9. Screws and wedges are modified ___________. | inclined planes |
| 10. A car engine changes chemical potential energy into the_____________ energy of the moving car. | kinetic |
| 11. Use the equation KE= 1/2m x v2 to calculate the kinetic energy of a 100 kg cart moving at a speed of 7 m/s? | 1/2(100kg) x (7 m/s)2 =50kg x 49m2/s2 = 2,450J |
| 12. Use the equation GPE = m x 9.8 m/s2 x h to calculate the gravitational potential of a 10-kg sack of groceries on a shelf 1 m above the floor? | GPE = 10kg x 9.8m/s x 1m = 98J |
| 13. A hammer falls off a roof top and strikes the ground with a certain kinetic energy. If it fell from a roof twice as tall, how would its kinetic energy compare? Explain. | GPE doubles when height doubles so kinetic energy has to double at impact - conservations of energy |
| 14. Explain how machines can be useful if the output work is always less than the input work. | machines change the direction of applied force, size of applied force, distance over which the force is applied. Any of these changes might make work easier. |
Created by:
joanlafferty