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SPA202Ch.11 GrammarB
p.415-417
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The subjunctive is always used in adverbial clauses introduced by the following phrases: a menos que, antes que, con tal que, en caso que, para que, sin que | unless, before, provided that, in case that, so that, without |
| *a menos que | *unless |
| *antes que | *before |
| *con tal que | *provided that |
| *en caso que | *in case that |
| *para que | *so that |
| *sin que | *without |
| Nos alojaremos en un hotel con piscina con tal que tengan una habitación disponible. (future, subjunctive in adverbial clauses, "con tal que") | We will stay in a hotel with a pool provided that they have an available room. (future, subjunctive in adverbial clauses, "provided that") |
| The subjunctive is used with the following adverbs of time when a future and uncertain action is implied: así que/ en cuanto/ luego que/ tan pronto como, cuando, después que, hasta que, mientras | As soon as, when, after, until, while |
| *así que | *as soon as (1) |
| *en cuanto | *as soon as (2) |
| *luego que | *as soon as (3) |
| *tan pronto como | *as soon as (4) |
| *cuando | *when |
| *después que | *after |
| *hasta que | *until |
| *mientras | *while |
| Subirán el equipaje después que Uds. llenan la tarjeta de recepción. (future, present subjunctive) | They will take your luggage up after you fill out the registration form. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Saldremos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llegue tu papá. (future, present subjunctive) | We will leave for the airport as soon as your dad arrives. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Salimos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llegó tu papá. (preterite, preterite) | We left for the airport as soon as your dad arrived. (preterite, preterite) |
| Siempre salimos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llega tu papá. (present habitual action, present) | We always leave for the airport as soon as your dad arrives. (present habitual action, present) |
| The subjunctive is used with the following expressions of purpose if they point to an event that is still in the future or uncertain: a pesar de que, aun cuando, aunque, de manera que / de modo que | in spite of, even when, although / even if, so that |
| *a pesar de que | *in spite of |
| *aun cuando | *even when |
| *aunque | *although / even if |
| *de manera que | *so that (1) |
| *de modo que | *so that (2) |
| Nos alojaremos en el Hotel Pacífico aunque no tenga aire acondicionado. (future, present subjunctive) | We will stay in the Hotel Pacífico even if it doesn't have air conditioning. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Nos alojamos en el Hotel Pacífico aunque no tenía air acondicionado. (preterite, imperfect/indicative) | We stayed in the Hotel Pacífico although it didn't have air conditioning. (preterite, imperfect/indicative) |
| When is the future perfect used? | It expresses an action that will be completed by some future time or before another future action. Ex: We will have checked into the hotel before our friends do. |
| Future perfect tense: conjugate "haber" | habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán |
| *Habré [viajado] (-ar) | *I will have [traveled] (-ar verb) |
| *Habrás [viajado] (-ar) | *You will have [traveled] (-ar verb) |
| *Habrá [aprendido] (-er) | *He, she, you will have [learned] (-er verb) |
| * | |
| The subjunctive is always used in adverbial clauses introduced by the following phrases: a menos que, antes que, con tal que, en caso que, para que, sin que | unless, before, provided that, in case that, so that, without |
| *a menos que | *unless |
| *antes que | *before |
| *con tal que | *provided that |
| *en caso que | *in case that |
| *para que | *so that |
| *sin que | *without |
| Nos alojaremos en un hotel con piscina con tal que tengan una habitación disponible. (future, subjunctive in adverbial clauses, "con tal que") | We will stay in a hotel with a pool provided that they have an available room. (future, subjunctive in adverbial clauses, "provided that") |
| The subjunctive is used with the following adverbs of time when a future and uncertain action is implied: así que/ en cuanto/ luego que/ tan pronto como, cuando, después que, hasta que, mientras | As soon as, when, after, until, while |
| *así que | *as soon as (1) |
| *en cuanto | *as soon as (2) |
| *luego que | *as soon as (3) |
| *tan pronto como | *as soon as (4) |
| *cuando | *when |
| *después que | *after |
| *hasta que | *until |
| *mientras | *while |
| Subirán el equipaje después que Uds. llenan la tarjeta de recepción. (future, present subjunctive) | They will take your luggage up after you fill out the registration form. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Saldremos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llegue tu papá. (future, present subjunctive) | We will leave for the airport as soon as your dad arrives. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Salimos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llegó tu papá. (preterite, preterite) | We left for the airport as soon as your dad arrived. (preterite, preterite) |
| Siempre salimos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llega tu papá. (present habitual action, present) | We always leave for the airport as soon as your dad arrives. (present habitual action, present) |
| The subjunctive is used with the following expressions of purpose if they point to an event that is still in the future or uncertain: a pesar de que, aun cuando, aunque, de manera que / de modo que | in spite of, even when, although / even if, so that |
| *a pesar de que | *in spite of |
| *aun cuando | *even when |
| *aunque | *although / even if |
| *de manera que | *so that (1) |
| *de modo que | *so that (2) |
| Nos alojaremos en el Hotel Pacífico aunque no tenga aire acondicionado. (future, present subjunctive) | We will stay in the Hotel Pacífico even if it doesn't have air conditioning. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Nos alojamos en el Hotel Pacífico aunque no tenía air acondicionado. (preterite, imperfect/indicative) | We stayed in the Hotel Pacífico although it didn't have air conditioning. (preterite, imperfect/indicative) |
| When is the future perfect used? | It expresses an action that will be completed by some future time or before another future action. Ex: We will have checked into the hotel before our friends do. |
| Future perfect tense: conjugate "haber" | habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán |
| *Habré [viajado] (-ar) | *I will have [traveled] (-ar verb) |
| *Habrás [viajado] (-ar) | *You will have [traveled] (-ar verb) |
| *Habrá [aprendido] (-er) | *He, she, you will have [learned] (-er verb) |
| * | |
| The subjunctive is always used in adverbial clauses introduced by the following phrases: a menos que, antes que, con tal que, en caso que, para que, sin que | unless, before, provided that, in case that, so that, without |
| *a menos que | *unless |
| *antes que | *before |
| *con tal que | *provided that |
| *en caso que | *in case that |
| *para que | *so that |
| *sin que | *without |
| Nos alojaremos en un hotel con piscina con tal que tengan una habitación disponible. (future, subjunctive in adverbial clauses, "con tal que") | We will stay in a hotel with a pool provided that they have an available room. (future, subjunctive in adverbial clauses, "provided that") |
| The subjunctive is used with the following adverbs of time when a future and uncertain action is implied: así que/ en cuanto/ luego que/ tan pronto como, cuando, después que, hasta que, mientras | As soon as, when, after, until, while |
| *así que | *as soon as (1) |
| *en cuanto | *as soon as (2) |
| *luego que | *as soon as (3) |
| *tan pronto como | *as soon as (4) |
| *cuando | *when |
| *después que | *after |
| *hasta que | *until |
| *mientras | *while |
| Subirán el equipaje después que Uds. llenan la tarjeta de recepción. (future, present subjunctive) | They will take your luggage up after you fill out the registration form. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Saldremos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llegue tu papá. (future, present subjunctive) | We will leave for the airport as soon as your dad arrives. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Salimos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llegó tu papá. (preterite, preterite) | We left for the airport as soon as your dad arrived. (preterite, preterite) |
| Siempre salimos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llega tu papá. (present habitual action, present) | We always leave for the airport as soon as your dad arrives. (present habitual action, present) |
| The subjunctive is used with the following expressions of purpose if they point to an event that is still in the future or uncertain: a pesar de que, aun cuando, aunque, de manera que / de modo que | in spite of, even when, although / even if, so that |
| *a pesar de que | *in spite of |
| *aun cuando | *even when |
| *aunque | *although / even if |
| *de manera que | *so that (1) |
| *de modo que | *so that (2) |
| Nos alojaremos en el Hotel Pacífico aunque no tenga aire acondicionado. (future, present subjunctive) | We will stay in the Hotel Pacífico even if it doesn't have air conditioning. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Nos alojamos en el Hotel Pacífico aunque no tenía air acondicionado. (preterite, imperfect/indicative) | We stayed in the Hotel Pacífico although it didn't have air conditioning. (preterite, imperfect/indicative) |
| When is the future perfect used? | It expresses an action that will be completed by some future time or before another future action. Ex: We will have checked into the hotel before our friends do. |
| Future perfect tense: conjugate "haber" | habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán |
| *Habré [viajado] (-ar) | *I will have [traveled] (-ar verb) |
| *Habrás [viajado] (-ar) | *You will have [traveled] (-ar verb) |
| *Habrá [aprendido] (-er) | *He, she, you will have [learned] (-er verb) |
| *Habremos [aprendido] (-er) | *We will have [learned] (-er verb) |
| The subjunctive is always used in adverbial clauses introduced by the following phrases: a menos que, antes que, con tal que, en caso que, para que, sin que | unless, before, provided that, in case that, so that, without |
| *a menos que | *unless |
| *antes que | *before |
| *con tal que | *provided that |
| *en caso que | *in case that |
| *para que | *so that |
| *sin que | *without |
| Nos alojaremos en un hotel con piscina con tal que tengan una habitación disponible. (future, subjunctive in adverbial clauses, "con tal que") | We will stay in a hotel with a pool provided that they have an available room. (future, subjunctive in adverbial clauses, "provided that") |
| The subjunctive is used with the following adverbs of time when a future and uncertain action is implied: así que/ en cuanto/ luego que/ tan pronto como, cuando, después que, hasta que, mientras | As soon as, when, after, until, while |
| *así que | *as soon as (1) |
| *en cuanto | *as soon as (2) |
| *luego que | *as soon as (3) |
| *tan pronto como | *as soon as (4) |
| *cuando | *when |
| *después que | *after |
| *hasta que | *until |
| *mientras | *while |
| Subirán el equipaje después que Uds. llenan la tarjeta de recepción. (future, present subjunctive) | They will take your luggage up after you fill out the registration form. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Saldremos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llegue tu papá. (future, present subjunctive) | We will leave for the airport as soon as your dad arrives. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Salimos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llegó tu papá. (preterite, preterite) | We left for the airport as soon as your dad arrived. (preterite, preterite) |
| Siempre salimos para el aeropuerto tan pronto como llega tu papá. (present habitual action, present) | We always leave for the airport as soon as your dad arrives. (present habitual action, present) |
| The subjunctive is used with the following expressions of purpose if they point to an event that is still in the future or uncertain: a pesar de que, aun cuando, aunque, de manera que / de modo que | in spite of, even when, although / even if, so that |
| *a pesar de que | *in spite of |
| *aun cuando | *even when |
| *aunque | *although / even if |
| *de manera que | *so that (1) |
| *de modo que | *so that (2) |
| Nos alojaremos en el Hotel Pacífico aunque no tenga aire acondicionado. (future, present subjunctive) | We will stay in the Hotel Pacífico even if it doesn't have air conditioning. (future, present subjunctive) |
| Nos alojamos en el Hotel Pacífico aunque no tenía air acondicionado. (preterite, imperfect/indicative) | We stayed in the Hotel Pacífico although it didn't have air conditioning. (preterite, imperfect/indicative) |
| When is the future perfect used? | It expresses an action that will be completed by some future time or before another future action. Ex: We will have checked into the hotel before our friends do. |
| Future perfect tense: conjugate "haber" | habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán |
| *Habré [viajado] (-ar) | *I will have [traveled] (-ar verb) |
| *Habrás [viajado] (-ar) | *You will have [traveled] (-ar verb) |
| *Habrá [aprendido] (-er) | *He, she, you will have [learned] (-er verb) |
| *Habremos [aprendido] (-er) | *We will have [learned] (-er verb) |
| *Habréis [decidido] (-ir) | *You will have [decided] (vos.) (-ir verb) |
| *Habrán [decidido] (-ir) | *They, you (Uds) will have [decided] (-ir verb) |
| Habré salido cuando Uds. lleguen. (future w/haber, present subjunctive) | I will have gone when you (pl.) arrive. (future w/haber, present subjunctive) |
| Habré salido para las 5. (future w/haber) | I will have gone by 5:00. (future w/haber) |
| Me habré graduado para el año 2012. (future w/haber) | I will have graduated by 2012. (future w/haber) |
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