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HuG Unit 3
Culture - Religion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Agamas | The scriptures of Jainism; some believe that the Agamas contain the actual sermons given by Mahavira to his disciples. |
| Animism | Beliefs that elements of the natural landscape possess souls and can help or hinder human efforts on earth. |
| Buddhism | Founded in sixth century BCE and characterized by the belief that enlightenment would come through knowledge, splintered from Hinduism. |
| Chakras | (in Indian thought) each of the centers of spiritual power in the human body, usually considered to be seven in number. |
| Christianity | Religion based on the teachings of Jesus. |
| Confucianism | A philosophy of ethics, education and service based on the writings of Confucius, a core of Chinese culture. |
| Cosmology | A system of beliefs that deals with fundamental questions in the religious and social order. |
| Denominations | A recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church, also called a sect. |
| Divine Origin | The concept of the supernatural creation of something. |
| Ethnic Religion | A religion that is particular to one, culturally distinct group of people, they do not seek converts. |
| Five Pillars of Faith | Part of Islam, it is the declaration of faith, prayer, alms, fasting, and pilgrimage. |
| Fundamentalism | The strict adherence to a particular doctrine. Broad movement in Protestantism in the U.S. which tried to preserve what it considered the basic ideas of Christianity |
| Hajj | Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca. |
| Hinduism | One of the oldest religions in the world, originated in the Indus valley, does not have a single philosophy or founder. |
| Interfaith Boundaries | The boundaries between the world’s major faiths. |
| Islam | The youngest of the world’s major religions, teaching of Muhammad. |
| Jainism | One of the oldest religions in the modern world, dating back over 2600 years. Beliefs include the eternal soul, jïva, all humans are responsible for their own actions with an emphasis on non-violence and self control, equality of life, and education. |
| Judaism | Monotheistic religion, roots in the teachings of Abraham. |
| Landscapes of the Dead | Built environment for the purpose of honoring the deceased. i.e. cemetery, crypt, mausoleum. |
| Minaret | Tower attached to a Muslim mosque, having one or more projecting balconies from which a crier calls Muslims to prayer. |
| Monotheism | Belief in one god. |
| Mormonism | A religion, movement, ideology, and subculture that originated in the early 1800s as a product of the Latter Day Saint movement led principally by Joseph Smith, Jr. |
| Pagoda | A multistory Chinese tower, usually associated with a Buddhist temple, having a multiplicity of projecting eaves. |
| Polytheism | Belief in many gods. |
| Reincarnation | Spiritual belief that the soul survives death to be “reborn” in a new form. |
| Religion | A system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in terms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities. |
| Religious Cultural Hearth | Where a religion began. |
| Religious Toponym | Names that reflect religion (e.g. St. James Road, St. Peter’s Square). |
| Sacred Space | Place or space that people infuse with religious meaning. |
| Secularism | The principle of separation of the state from religious institutions. |
| Scripture | A sacred writing or book |
| Shamanism | Community faith in traditional society where people follow their religious leader (shaman), mostly localized. |
| Sha’ria Law | A system of Islamic law based on interpretation of the Koran. |
| Shia | Also known as Shiites, a branch of the Islamic faith representing the Persian (Iranian) variation. |
| Shintoism | Religion located in Japan and related to Buddhism. |
| Sikhism | Small compromise religion that arose from the confrontation between Hinduism and Islam. |
| Stupa | Buddhist shrine that is shaped like a dome or mound. |
| Sunni | The orthodox or traditional branch of Islam. |
| Taoism | Founded by Lao-tzu focuses on the proper forms of political rule and oneness of humanity and nature. |
| Theocracy | A state whose government is under control of a ruler who is deemed to be divinely guided. |
| Universalizing | The idea that there is one true religion and it is universal in scope. |
| Zoroastrianism | Monotheistic religion that developed around 3500 years ago; some believe current monotheistic religions can be traced to this religion. |
| Caste System | A set of rigid social categories that determined a person's occupation, economic potential, and position in society. Tied to Hinduism in South Asia (India). |
| Diaspora | The scattering of people who have a common background or beliefs. |
| Karma | The notion that every action a person takes, whether good or bad, has a consequence in the future. Common idea in Buddhism & Hinduism. |
Created by:
Perales76