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Chemistry
Mr. Buckwalter's chemistry vocab words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chemistry | the study of substances and their interactions |
| Substances | a type of matter defined by a unique particle |
| Chemical Name | scientific name “fancy” |
| Common Name | real life name (Ex: Table Salt) |
| Chemical Formula | a code that represents the number and kinds of atoms in one particle substance |
| Chemical Reaction | a process during which the particles of a starting substance (reactants) rearrange to form new substances (products) |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Element | a pure substance that is a basic building block of matter; it cannot be broken down down any further |
| Periodic Table of Elements | an organization of the elements based on chemical properties |
| Symbol | a representation of an element using one or two letters (example: Cobalt = Co) |
| Gas | a phase of matter that has no definite shape or volume; particles fly independently through space |
| Compression | reducing the distance between gas particles by force |
| Expansion | the increase of volume as a result of applied force or due to increased kinetic energy of particles |
| Atom | the smallest form of matter |
| Liquid | a phase of matter that has definite volume but no definite shape. The loosely bonded particles flow over and around one another. |
| Solid | a phase of matter that has definite volume and definite shape. The particles are tightly bonded and cannot move around |
| Kinetic Energy | the energy of motion |
| Contraction | The decrease of volume due to decreased kinetic energy of particles. |
| Thermometer | an instrument used to measure the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance |
| Temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance |
| Cooling | energy transfer that decreases the kinetic energy of particles |
| Conduction | the transfer of energy (heat) from one particle to another as a result of contact |
| Energy Transfer | the movement of energy from one location to another |
| Heating | energy transfer that increases the kinetic energy of particles |
| Calorie | the unit of energy that will raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius |
| Conservation of Energy | an absolute principle stating that no energy is created or destroyed during energy transfers |
| Equilibrium | a condition in which a system is experiencing no net change |
| Insulation | material that can reduce energy transfers (can keep things hot or cold) |
| Dissolve | to incorporate one substance uniformly into another substance at the particle level |
| Melt | to change phase from solid to liquid |
| Solution | a mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another |
| Mixture | two or more substances together |
| Solubility | the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent |
| Solute | a substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution |
| Solvent | a substance in which a solute dissolves to form a solution |
| Melting Point | the temperature at which energy is flowing into a substance, changing it from a solid to a liquid |
| Freeze | to change phase from liquid to solid |
| Freezing Point | the temperature at which energy is flowing out of a substance, changing it from a liquid to a solid |
| Sublimation | to change phase from solid to gas |
| Evaporation | the change of phase from liquid to gas |
| Deposition | when a material changes directly from a solid to a gas; opposite of sublimation |
| Condensation | the change of phase from gas to liquid |
| Bond | an attractive force acting between atoms |
| Compound | a substance defined by a particle composed of two or more different kinds of atoms |
| Ionic Compound | a compound in which atoms are connected to each other with a weak network of bonds (ionic bonds) rather than covalent bonds |
| Molecule | a particle made of two or more atoms that are held together with strong (covalent) bonds |
| Precipitate | an insoluble solid product of a reaction |
| Reactant | a starting substance in a chemical reaction |
| Product | a substance produced in a chemical reaction |
| Conservation of Matter | principle stating that no matter is created or destroyed during a reaction |
Created by:
aaron_buckwalter
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