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Ch14TheBlood
blood
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| type of connective tissue transports vital substances. distributes heat | blood |
| form mostly in red bone marrow, aka "formed elements" contain: RBC, WBC, & platelets(cell fragments) | blood cells |
| what is the % of RBCs called? | hematocrit (HTC) or packed volume cell (PCV) = 45% rbc |
| what is the product in a centrifuged blood sample? | 55% plasma 45% RBcs <1% is WBCs & platelets |
| pus is composed of | bacteria, wbc, damaged cells |
| blood volume varies with.. | body size, changes in electrolyte and fluid concentration, amount o/ adipose tissue |
| Primary function o/a lymphocyte | Act against foreign substances |
| Granulocyte WBCs are, | Neutrophils, eosinphils, basophils |
| Agranulocyte WBCS are, | lymphocytes,monocytes |
| wbc that phagocitizes, elevated in bacterial infections | neutrophils |
| First to arrive at an infection site, make up most of leukocytes (54-62%) | neutrophils |
| Formation of RBC, | Hematopoiesis |
| Erythropoiesis helps RBC formation, how does this happen? | When O2 is low in the blood, the kidneys and liver release EPO |
| What are the main two elements required for DNA synthesis | Vitamin b12 and folic acid |
| _______is required for hemoglobin synthesis | iron |
| Elevate in moderate allergic reactions and worm/parasitic infections | Eosinphils |
| _____Release heparin and histamine | Basophils |
| stimulates inflammatory response | histamine |
| stops blood from clotting | heparin |
| smallest percentage of WBCs | basophils |
| These WBCs leave the bloodstream to become MACROPHAGES | neutrophils |
| Smallest (In size) o/WBCS | Lymphocytes |
| Have B Cells and TCells | Lymphocytes |
| B cells | Produce antibodies |
| T cells | Directly attack pathogens and tumor cells |
| 3,500-10,500 is the typical.... | WBC count |
| Leukocytosis | high WBC count |
| leukopenia | low WBC count |
| test that lists percentages o/ types of leukocytes | Differental WBC count |
| fragments of megakaryocytes | platelets |
| release serotonin | platelets |
| help in hemostasis | platelets |
| causes smooth muscles in walls of BROKEN BLOOD VESSELS to contract | seritonin |
| Stoppage of bleeding in damaged blood vessels | hemostasis |
| main function of blood plasma | Transport nutrients, gases, hormones and vitamins |
| this helps regulating fluid and electrolyte balance and maintains PH | blood plasma |
| Most abundant dissolved substance in plasma | plasma proteins |
| plasma nutrients include_________ | Amino acids, simple sugars, nucleotides and lipids |
| disease that, blocks blood flow | deep vein thrombosis |
| disease that, valves decrease | aplastic anemia |
| disease that, depleating circulation of platelets forming, a common symptom is petechiae | thrombocytopenia |
| A [pulmonary embolism is caused by a clot reaching____ | a lung through the pulmonary artery |
| Prothrombin time is blood test used to evaluate______ | Extrinsic clotting mechanism |
| main function of plasma albumin, | helping maintain colloid osmotic pressure |
| plasma electrolytes include, | bicarbonate, magnesium, chloride, and potassium ion (Sodium chloride is the most abundant) |
| When hemoglobin molecules are decomposed, this greenish pigment called______is formed | Biliverden |
| A clot that breaks loose and travels in the blood flow is called, | Embolus |
| ____and_____ mature blood cell types descend from myeloblasts | Neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils |
| ____Is essential for the synthesis of prothrombin and is a blood clotting factor | vitamin K |
| protein beta globulin, | transport lipids and fat-soluable vitamins |
| Fibrinogen protein helps in, | blood clot formation |
| Serology detects diverse____ | antigens |
| Substance that binds iron___, and is found in herbal tea | tannic acid |
| Serum is basically plasma without______ | Fibrinogen |
| A platelet plug is formed when exposure of___to ______ | platelets to collagen |
| ____Is the final step in a blood clot formation | Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin |
| ______ is the most abundant type of plasma protein | Albumin |
| Non protein nitrogenous substances include... | urea, uric acid, amino acids, creatine, creatinine, and BUN |
| ___,___,___ are needed for the formation of a blood clot | Vitamin K, Calcium, and fibrinogen |
| 2 substances uiseful for dissolving blood clots are, | urokinase, and streptokinase |
| Erythroblastoises fetalis may occur in___RH _____ fetus developing in an RH _________ woman | a second RH positive fetus developing in an RH negative woman |
| any molecule that evokes an immune response | antigen |
| proteins that react against a specific antigen | antibodies |
| ____converts fribrinogen into insoluable fibrin threads | thrombin |
| ___Stick to damaged blood vessel surfaces | fibrin |
| ___Is a n abnormal blood clot | thrombus |
| ___ is a clumping of RBCs which occurs when an antibody encounters a specific antigen | Agglutination |
Created by:
mastacos